Web Crypto API：加密操作综合指南

            
async function hashData(data) {
 const encoder = new TextEncoder();
 const dataBuffer = encoder.encode(data);
 const hashBuffer = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', dataBuffer);
 const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hashBuffer));
 const hashHex = hashArray
 .map((b) => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0'))
 .join('');
 return hashHex;
}

// Example usage:
hashData('Hello, world!')
 .then((hash) => console.log('SHA-256 Hash:', hash))
 .catch((err) => console.error('Hashing error:', err));

            

              
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async function generateAESKey() {
 return await crypto.subtle.generateKey(
 {
 name: 'AES-GCM',
 length: 256,
 },
 true, // extractable
 ['encrypt', 'decrypt'] // usages
 );
}

// Example usage:
generateAESKey()
 .then((key) => {
 console.log('AES Key generated:', key);
 // Use the key for encryption/decryption
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Key generation error:', err));

            

              
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async function encryptData(key, data) {
 const encoder = new TextEncoder();
 const dataBuffer = encoder.encode(data);
 const iv = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(12)); // Initialization vector

 const encryptedData = await crypto.subtle.encrypt(
 {
 name: 'AES-GCM',
 iv: iv,
 },
 key,
 dataBuffer
 );

 // Combine IV and encrypted data for storage/transmission
 const combined = new Uint8Array(iv.length + encryptedData.byteLength);
 combined.set(iv, 0);
 combined.set(new Uint8Array(encryptedData), iv.length);
 return combined;
}

// Example usage (assuming you have an AES key):
generateAESKey().then(key => {
 encryptData(key, 'Sensitive data')
 .then((encrypted) => {
 console.log('Encrypted data:', encrypted);
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Encryption error:', err));
});

            

              
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async function decryptData(key, combined) {
 const iv = combined.slice(0, 12);
 const encryptedData = combined.slice(12);

 const decryptedData = await crypto.subtle.decrypt(
 {
 name: 'AES-GCM',
 iv: iv,
 },
 key,
 encryptedData
 );

 const decoder = new TextDecoder();
 return decoder.decode(decryptedData);
}

// Example usage (assuming you have the AES key and encrypted data):
generateAESKey().then(key => {
 encryptData(key, 'Sensitive data').then(encrypted => {
 decryptData(key, encrypted)
 .then((decrypted) => {
 console.log('Decrypted data:', decrypted);
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Decryption error:', err));
 });
});

            

              
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async function generateRSAKey() {
 return await crypto.subtle.generateKey(
 {
 name: 'RSA-OAEP',
 modulusLength: 2048, // The length of the key in bits
 publicExponent: new Uint8Array([0x01, 0x00, 0x01]), // Commonly 65537
 hash: 'SHA-256',
 },
 true, // extractable
 ['encrypt', 'decrypt'] // usages
 );
}

// Example usage:
generateRSAKey()
 .then((keyPair) => {
 console.log('RSA Public Key:', keyPair.publicKey);
 console.log('RSA Private Key:', keyPair.privateKey);
 // Use the keys for encryption/decryption
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Key generation error:', err));

            

              
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async function signData(privateKey, data) {
 const encoder = new TextEncoder();
 const dataBuffer = encoder.encode(data);

 const signature = await crypto.subtle.sign(
 {
 name: 'RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5',
 hash: { name: 'SHA-256' },
 },
 privateKey,
 dataBuffer
 );

 return signature;
}

// Example usage (assuming you have an RSA key pair):
generateRSAKey().then(keyPair => {
 signData(keyPair.privateKey, 'Data to sign')
 .then((signature) => {
 console.log('Signature:', signature);
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Signing error:', err));
});

            

              
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async function verifySignature(publicKey, signature, data) {
 const encoder = new TextEncoder();
 const dataBuffer = encoder.encode(data);

 const isValid = await crypto.subtle.verify(
 {
 name: 'RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5',
 hash: { name: 'SHA-256' },
 },
 publicKey,
 signature,
 dataBuffer
 );

 return isValid;
}

// Example usage (assuming you have the RSA key pair and the signature):
generateRSAKey().then(keyPair => {
 signData(keyPair.privateKey, 'Data to sign').then(signature => {
 verifySignature(keyPair.publicKey, signature, 'Data to sign')
 .then((isValid) => {
 console.log('Signature is valid:', isValid);
 })
 .catch((err) => console.error('Verification error:', err));
 });
});

            

              
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