类型安全路由：用于健壮应用的 URL 参数类型提取

            
const routes = {
  '/users/:userId(number)': {
    handler: (userId: number) => { ... },
  },
  '/products/:productId(uuid)': {
    handler: (productId: UUID) => { ... },
  },
  '/articles/:articleSlug(string)': {
    handler: (articleSlug: string) => { ... },
  },
};

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
import { createBrowserRouter, Route, RouterProvider } from 'react-router-dom';

interface UserDetailsRouteParams {
  userId: number;
}

const UserDetails: React.FC = () => {
  const { userId } = useParams<UserDetailsRouteParams>();
  // userId is guaranteed to be a number
  return <div>User ID: {userId}</div>;
};

const router = createBrowserRouter([
  {
    path: "/users/:userId",
    element: <UserDetails />,
  },
]);

function App() {
  return (
    <RouterProvider router={router} />
  );
}

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
function isNumber(value: any): value is number {
  return typeof value === 'number' && !isNaN(value);
}

function handleUserRoute(userIdString: string) {
  const userId = parseInt(userIdString, 10);

  if (isNumber(userId)) {
    // userId is guaranteed to be a number here
    console.log(`User ID: ${userId}`);
  } else {
    console.error('Invalid user ID');
  }
}

// Usage:
handleUserRoute('123'); // Valid
handleUserRoute('abc'); // Invalid

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from marshmallow import Schema, fields, ValidationError

app = Flask(__name__)

class UserSchema(Schema):
    user_id = fields.Integer(required=True)
    username = fields.String(required=True)

@app.route("/users/<int:user_id>")
def get_user(user_id):
    try:
        result = UserSchema().load({'user_id': user_id, 'username': 'example'})
    except ValidationError as err:
        return jsonify(err.messages), 400
    return jsonify(result)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/{userId}")
    public ResponseEntity<String> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId) {
        // userId is guaranteed to be an Integer
        return ResponseEntity.ok("User ID: " + userId);
    }
}

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
import express, { Request, Response } from 'express';
import { z } from 'zod';

const app = express();
const port = 3000;

const UserParamsSchema = z.object({
  userId: z.coerce.number(),
});

app.get('/users/:userId', (req: Request, res: Response) => {
  try {
    const { userId } = UserParamsSchema.parse(req.params);
    res.send(`User ID: ${userId}`);
  } catch (error) {
    res.status(400).send(error);
  }
});

app.listen(port, () => {
  console.log(`Example app listening on port ${port}`)
});

            

              
                Copy
              
            
          

            
interface ProductRouteParams {
  productId: string;
  currencyCode: 'USD' | 'EUR' | 'JPY'; // Union type for valid currency codes
}

function ProductPage(props: ProductRouteParams) {
  // ...
}

            

              
                Copy