Python DRF 身份验证：用于强大 API 的 Token 与 JWT 实现方案对比

            pip install djangorestframework
            

              
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            INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'rest_framework',
]
            

              
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            REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
    ],
}

            

              
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            from django.conf import settings
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token

@receiver(post_save, sender=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
def create_auth_token(sender, instance=None, created=False, **kwargs):
    if created:
        Token.objects.create(user=instance)

            

              
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            from django.apps import AppConfig

class UsersConfig(AppConfig):
    default_auto_field = 'django.db.BigAutoField'
    name = 'users'

    def ready(self):
        import users.signals

            

              
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            python manage.py drf_create_token <username>

            

              
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            from rest_framework import permissions
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView

class ExampleView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

    def get(self, request):
        content = {
            'message': 'Hello, ' + request.user.username + '! You are authenticated.',
        }
        return Response(content)

            

              
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            from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes
from rest_framework.permissions import AllowAny
from rest_framework.response import Response

@api_view(['POST'])
@permission_classes([AllowAny])
def login(request):
    username = request.data.get('username')
    password = request.data.get('password')
    user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
    if user:
        token, _ = Token.objects.get_or_create(user=user)
        return Response({'token': token.key})
    else:
        return Response({'error': 'Invalid Credentials'}, status=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED)

            

              
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            pip install djangorestframework-simplejwt

            

              
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            REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
    ),
}

SIMPLE_JWT = {
    'ACCESS_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(minutes=5),
    'REFRESH_TOKEN_LIFETIME': timedelta(days=1),
    'ROTATE_REFRESH_TOKENS': False,
    'BLACKLIST_AFTER_ROTATION': True,

    'ALGORITHM': 'HS256',
    'SIGNING_KEY': settings.SECRET_KEY,
    'VERIFYING_KEY': None,
    'AUTH_HEADER_TYPES': ('Bearer',),
    'USER_ID_FIELD': 'id',
    'USER_ID_CLAIM': 'user_id',

    'AUTH_TOKEN_CLASSES': ('rest_framework_simplejwt.tokens.AccessToken',),
    'TOKEN_TYPE_CLAIM': 'token_type',
}

            

              
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            from django.urls import path
from rest_framework_simplejwt.views import (
    TokenObtainPairView,
    TokenRefreshView,
)

urlpatterns = [
    path('token/', TokenObtainPairView.as_view(), name='token_obtain_pair'),
    path('token/refresh/', TokenRefreshView.as_view(), name='token_refresh'),
]

            

              
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            from rest_framework import permissions
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication import JWTAuthentication

class ExampleView(APIView):
    authentication_classes = [JWTAuthentication]
    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

    def get(self, request):
        content = {
            'message': 'Hello, ' + request.user.username + '! You are authenticated.',
        }
        return Response(content)

            

              
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            from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token

try:
    token = Token.objects.get(user=request.user)
    token.delete()
except Token.DoesNotExist:
    pass

            

              
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