高级 TypeScript 模式：条件类型和映射类型精通

            T extends U ? X : Y
            

              
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            type ParamType<T> = T extends string ? string : number;

function processValue(value: ParamType<string | number>): void {
  if (typeof value === "string") {
    console.log("Value is a string:", value);
  } else {
    console.log("Value is a number:", value);
  }
}

processValue("hello"); // Output: Value is a string: hello
processValue(123);     // Output: Value is a number: 123
            

              
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            interface StringProcessor {
  process(input: string): number;
}

interface NumberProcessor {
  process(input: number): string;
}

type Processor<T> = T extends string ? StringProcessor : NumberProcessor;

function createProcessor<T extends string | number>(input: T): Processor<T> {
  if (typeof input === "string") {
    return { process: (input: string) => input.length } as Processor<T>;
  } else {
    return { process: (input: number) => input.toString() } as Processor<T>;
  }
}

const stringProcessor = createProcessor("example");
const numberProcessor = createProcessor(42);

console.log(stringProcessor.process("example")); // Output: 7
console.log(numberProcessor.process(42));    // Output: "42"
            

              
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            interface Square {
  kind: "square";
  size: number;
}

interface Circle {
  kind: "circle";
  radius: number;
}

type Shape = Square | Circle;

type Area<T extends Shape> = T extends { kind: "square" } ? number : string;

function calculateArea(shape: Shape): Area<typeof shape> {
  if (shape.kind === "square") {
    return shape.size * shape.size;
  } else {
    return Math.PI * shape.radius * shape.radius;
  }
}

const mySquare: Square = { kind: "square", size: 5 };
const myCircle: Circle = { kind: "circle", radius: 3 };

console.log(calculateArea(mySquare)); // Output: 25
console.log(calculateArea(myCircle)); // Output: 28.274333882308138
            

              
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            type NewType<T> = {
  [K in keyof T]: ModifiedType;
};

            

              
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            interface User {
  id: number;
  name: string;
  email: string;
}

type PartialUser = {
  [K in keyof User]?: User[K];
};

const partialUser: PartialUser = {
  name: "John Doe",
}; // Valid, as 'id' and 'email' are optional

            

              
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            interface Product {
  id: number;
  name: string;
  price: number;
}

type ReadonlyProduct = {
  readonly [K in keyof Product]: Product[K];
};

const readonlyProduct: ReadonlyProduct = {
  id: 123,
  name: "Example Product",
  price: 25.00,
};

// readonlyProduct.price = 30.00; // Error: Cannot assign to 'price' because it is a read-only property.
            

              
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            interface Config {
  apiUrl: string;
  timeout: string;
  maxRetries: number;
}

type NumericConfig = {
  [K in keyof Config]: Config[K] extends string ? number : Config[K];
};

const numericConfig: NumericConfig = {
  apiUrl: 123, // Must be a number due to the mapping
  timeout: 456, // Must be a number due to the mapping
  maxRetries: 3,
};

            

              
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            interface Event {
  eventId: string;
  eventName: string;
  eventDate: Date;
}

type TransformedEvent = {
  [K in keyof Event as `new${Capitalize<string&K>}`]: Event[K];
};

// Result:
// {
//   newEventId: string;
//   newEventName: string;
//   newEventDate: Date;
// }

//Capitalize function used to Capitalize first letter
type Capitalize<S extends string> = Uppercase<string&S> extends never ? string :  `$Capitalize<S>`;

//Usage with an actual object
const myEvent: TransformedEvent = {
    newEventId: "123",
    newEventName: "New Name",
    newEventDate: new Date()
};

            

              
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            interface Data {
  name: string;
  age: number;
  city: string;
  country: string;
  isEmployed: boolean;
}

type StringProperties<T> = {
  [K in keyof T as T[K] extends string ? K : never]: T[K];
};

type StringData = StringProperties<Data>;

// Result:
// {
//   name: string;
//   city: string;
//   country: string;
// }

const stringData: StringData = {
  name: "John",
  city: "New York",
  country: "USA",
};

            

              
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            type Partial<T> = {
  [P in keyof T]?: T[P];
};

            

              
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