Python IMAP 클라이언트: 이메일 검색 및 메일함 관리에 대한 종합 가이드

            
import imaplib
import os

# --- Credentials --- 
# It's best to load these from environment variables or a config file
# For this example, we'll define them here. Replace with your details.
EMAIL_ACCOUNT = "your_email@example.com"
APP_PASSWORD = "your_16_digit_app_password"
IMAP_SERVER = "imap.example.com" # e.g., "imap.gmail.com"

# --- Connect to the IMAP server --- 
# We use a try...finally block to ensure we logout gracefully
conn = None
try:
    # Connect using SSL for a secure connection
    conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(IMAP_SERVER)
    
    # Login to the account
    status, messages = conn.login(EMAIL_ACCOUNT, APP_PASSWORD)
    
    if status == 'OK':
        print("Successfully logged in!")
        # We will add more logic here later
    else:
        print(f"Login failed: {messages}")

finally:
    if conn:
        # Always logout and close the connection
        conn.logout()
        print("Logged out and connection closed.")

            

              
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# Inside the 'try' block after a successful login:

status, mailbox_list = conn.list()
if status == 'OK':
    print("Available Mailboxes:")
    for mailbox in mailbox_list:
        # The raw mailbox entry is a byte string that needs decoding
        # It's often formatted like: (\HasNoChildren) "/" "INBOX"
        # We can do some basic parsing to clean it up
        parts = mailbox.decode().split(' "/" ')
        if len(parts) == 2:
            mailbox_name = parts[1].strip('"')
            print(f"- {mailbox_name}")

            

              
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# Select the 'INBOX' to work with. 
# Use readonly=True if you don't want to change email flags (e.g., from UNSEEN to SEEN)
status, messages = conn.select('INBOX', readonly=False)

if status == 'OK':
    total_messages = int(messages[0])
    print(f"INBOX selected. Total messages: {total_messages}")
else:
    print(f"Failed to select INBOX: {messages}")

            

              
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# Search for all unread emails in the INBOX
status, message_ids = conn.search(None, 'UNSEEN')

if status == 'OK':
    # message_ids is a list of byte strings, e.g., [b'1 2 3']
    # We need to split it into individual IDs
    email_id_list = message_ids[0].split()
    if email_id_list:
        print(f"Found {len(email_id_list)} unread emails.")
    else:
        print("No unread emails found.")
else:
    print("Search failed.")

            

              
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if email_id_list:
    first_email_id = email_id_list[0]
    
    # Fetch the email data for the given ID
    # 'RFC822' is a standard that specifies the format of text messages
    status, msg_data = conn.fetch(first_email_id, '(RFC822)')
    
    if status == 'OK':
        for response_part in msg_data:
            # The fetch command returns a tuple, where the second part is the email content
            if isinstance(response_part, tuple):
                raw_email = response_part[1]
                # Now we have the raw email data as bytes
                # The next step is to parse it
                print("Successfully fetched an email.")
                # We will process `raw_email` in the next section
    else:
        print("Fetch failed.")

            

              
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import email
from email.header import decode_header

# Assuming `raw_email` contains the byte data from the fetch command
email_message = email.message_from_bytes(raw_email)

            

              
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# Get subject, from, to, and date
subject = email_message["Subject"]
from_ = email_message["From"]
to_ = email_message["To"]
date_ = email_message["Date"]

# Email headers can contain non-ASCII characters, so we need to decode them
def decode_email_header(header):
    decoded_parts = decode_header(header)
    header_str = ""
    for part, encoding in decoded_parts:
        if isinstance(part, bytes):
            # If there's an encoding, use it. Otherwise, default to utf-8.
            header_str += part.decode(encoding or 'utf-8')
        else:
            header_str += part
    return header_str

subject = decode_email_header(subject)
from_ = decode_email_header(from_)

print(f"Subject: {subject}")
print(f"From: {from_}")

            

              
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def process_email_body(msg):
    body = ""
    attachments = []

    if msg.is_multipart():
        # Iterate through email parts
        for part in msg.walk():
            content_type = part.get_content_type()
            content_disposition = str(part.get("Content-Disposition"))

            try:
                # Get the email body
                if content_type == "text/plain" and "attachment" not in content_disposition:
                    payload = part.get_payload(decode=True)
                    charset = part.get_content_charset() or 'utf-8'
                    body = payload.decode(charset)
                # Get attachments
                elif "attachment" in content_disposition:
                    filename = part.get_filename()
                    if filename:
                        # Decode filename if needed
                        decoded_filename = decode_email_header(filename)
                        attachments.append({
                            'filename': decoded_filename,
                            'data': part.get_payload(decode=True)
                        })
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error processing part: {e}")
    else:
        # Not a multipart message, just get the payload
        payload = msg.get_payload(decode=True)
        charset = msg.get_content_charset() or 'utf-8'
        body = payload.decode(charset)
    
    return body, attachments

# Using the function with our fetched message
email_body, email_attachments = process_email_body(email_message)

print("\n--- Email Body ---")
print(email_body)

if email_attachments:
    print("\n--- Attachments ---")
    for att in email_attachments:
        print(f"Filename: {att['filename']}")
        # Example of saving an attachment
        with open(att['filename'], 'wb') as f:
            f.write(att['data'])
        print(f"Saved attachment: {att['filename']}")

            

              
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# Assuming `msg_id` is the ID of the email to move
# 1. Copy to the 'Archive' mailbox
status, _ = conn.copy(msg_id, 'Archive')
if status == 'OK':
    print(f"Message {msg_id.decode()} copied to Archive.")
    # 2. Mark the original for deletion
    conn.store(msg_id, '+FLAGS', '\Deleted')
    print(f"Message {msg_id.decode()} marked for deletion.")

            

              
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# This will permanently delete all messages with the \Deleted flag
status, response = conn.expunge()
if status == 'OK':
    print(f"{len(response)} messages expunged (permanently deleted).")

            

              
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import imaplib
import email
from email.header import decode_header
import os

# --- Configuration ---
EMAIL_ACCOUNT = "your_email@example.com"
APP_PASSWORD = "your_16_digit_app_password"
IMAP_SERVER = "imap.gmail.com"
TARGET_SENDER = "invoices@mycorp.com"
DESTINATION_MAILBOX = "Processed-Invoices"
DOWNLOAD_DIR = "invoices"

# Create download directory if it doesn't exist
if not os.path.isdir(DOWNLOAD_DIR):
    os.mkdir(DOWNLOAD_DIR)

def decode_email_header(header):
    # (Same function as defined earlier)
    decoded_parts = decode_header(header)
    header_str = ""
    for part, encoding in decoded_parts:
        if isinstance(part, bytes):
            header_str += part.decode(encoding or 'utf-8')
        else:
            header_str += part
    return header_str

conn = None
try:
    # --- Connect and Login ---
    conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(IMAP_SERVER)
    conn.login(EMAIL_ACCOUNT, APP_PASSWORD)
    print("Login successful.")

    # --- Select INBOX ---
    conn.select('INBOX')
    print("INBOX selected.")

    # --- Search for emails ---
    search_criteria = f'(UNSEEN FROM "{TARGET_SENDER}")'
    status, message_ids = conn.search(None, search_criteria)
    
    if status != 'OK':
        raise Exception("Search failed")

    email_id_list = message_ids[0].split()
    if not email_id_list:
        print("No new invoices found.")
    else:
        print(f"Found {len(email_id_list)} new invoices to process.")

    # --- Process Each Email ---
    for email_id in email_id_list:
        print(f"\nProcessing email ID: {email_id.decode()}")
        
        # Fetch the email
        status, msg_data = conn.fetch(email_id, '(RFC822)')
        if status != 'OK':
            print(f"Failed to fetch email ID {email_id.decode()}")
            continue
        
        raw_email = msg_data[0][1]
        email_message = email.message_from_bytes(raw_email)
        
        subject = decode_email_header(email_message["Subject"])
        print(f"  Subject: {subject}")

        # Look for attachments
        for part in email_message.walk():
            if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
                continue
            if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
                continue
            
            filename = part.get_filename()
            if filename and filename.lower().endswith('.pdf'):
                decoded_filename = decode_email_header(filename)
                filepath = os.path.join(DOWNLOAD_DIR, decoded_filename)
                # Save the attachment
                with open(filepath, 'wb') as f:
                    f.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
                print(f"  -> Downloaded attachment: {decoded_filename}")

        # --- Move the processed email ---
        # 1. Copy to destination mailbox
        status, _ = conn.copy(email_id, DESTINATION_MAILBOX)
        if status == 'OK':
            # 2. Mark original for deletion
            conn.store(email_id, '+FLAGS', '\Deleted')
            print(f"  Email moved to '{DESTINATION_MAILBOX}'.")

    # --- Expunge and Clean Up ---
    if email_id_list:
        conn.expunge()
        print("\nExpunged deleted emails.")

except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
finally:
    if conn:
        conn.logout()
        print("Logged out.")


            

              
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