倧åŠã®åŠäœããã³ãã¥ããã£ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããŸã§ãäžçäžã®å€æ§ãªæ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ãæ¢æ±ããŸããããæ€ç©ç§åŠã«ãããå人çãªå å®ãšå°éçãªé²æ©ã®æ©äŒãçºèŠããŠãã ããã
æ€ç©ã®äžçãè§£ãæŸã€ïŒäžçã®æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã¬ã€ã
æ€ç©ã®äžçã¯åºå€§ã§é åçã§ããããããçè§£ããããšãã人ã ã«è±å¯ãªç¥èãšæ©äŒãæäŸããŸããæ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãå人çãªå å®ããã£ãªã¢ã¢ããããŸãã¯å°çã®çæ ç³»ã«å¯Ÿããããæ·±ãçè§£ã®ããã«ãå人ããã®äžçãæ¢æ±ããããã®éãæäŸããŸãããã®ã¬ã€ãã§ã¯ãäžçäžã§å©çšå¯èœãªå€æ§ãªæ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã®ç¶æ³ã調æ»ããå¹ åºãèå³ãã¹ãã«ã¬ãã«ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŸãã
æ€ç©æè²ãšã¯ïŒ
æ€ç©æè²ã¯ãæ€ç©ã®ç ç©¶ã«é¢é£ããå¹ åºãåéãç¶²çŸ ããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãæ€ç©åŠïŒæ€ç©çåœã®ç§åŠçç ç©¶ïŒãåèžåŠïŒæ€ç©ãæ œå¹ããèžè¡ãšç§åŠïŒãæ°ææ€ç©åŠïŒäººãšæ€ç©ã®é¢ä¿ã®ç ç©¶ïŒãæ€ç©ç çåŠïŒæ€ç©ç ã®ç ç©¶ïŒãæ€ç©ççåŠïŒæ€ç©æ©èœã®ç ç©¶ïŒãããã³æ€ç©ä¿è·ïŒæ€ç©çš®ãšãã®çæ¯å°ãä¿è·ããå®è·µïŒãå«ãŸããŸããæ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãåŠçã«æ€ç©ã®çç©åŠãçæ åŠãããã³äººé瀟äŒãšç°å¢ã«å¯Ÿããæ€ç©ã®éèŠæ§ãçè§£ããããã«å¿ èŠãªç¥èãšã¹ãã«ãæäŸããããšãç®çãšããŠããŸãã
æ€ç©æè²ã远æ±ããçç±ïŒ
æ€ç©æè²ã远æ±ããçç±ã¯ãããããããŸãã
- å人çãªå å®ïŒæ€ç©ã«å¯Ÿããããæ·±ãçè§£ã¯ãèªç¶çãžã®æè¬ãé«ããããªãã®äººçãè±ãã«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
- ãã£ãªã¢ã®æ©äŒïŒæ€ç©ã®ç¥èã¯ã蟲æ¥ãåèžãææ¥ãä¿è·ãç ç©¶ãæè²ãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåéã§äŸ¡å€ããããŸãã
- ç°å¢ä¿è·ïŒæ€ç©ã®çç©åŠãšçæ åŠãçè§£ããããšã¯ãæ°åå€åãçç©å€æ§æ§ã®åªå€±ã飿å®å šä¿éãªã©ã®ç°å¢åé¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
- ã³ãã¥ããã£ãžã®åå ïŒå€ãã®æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãã¬ãŒããã³ã°ãããžã§ã¯ããä¿è·æŽ»åãæè²ã¢ãŠããªãŒããéããŠãå°åã³ãã¥ããã£ãšé¢ããæ©äŒãæäŸããŸãã
- ç ç©¶ãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ïŒæ€ç©ç§åŠã«ãããæå 端ã®ç ç©¶ã«è²¢ç®ããå»åŠã蟲æ¥ããã®ä»ã®åéã®é²æ©ã«ã€ãªãããŸãã
æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã®çš®é¡
æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ã¯ã倿§ãªåŠç¿ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãšã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããã«ãããŸããŸãªåœ¢åŒã§å©çšã§ããŸãã
倧åŠã®åŠäœããã°ã©ã
äžçäžã®å€§åŠããæ€ç©åŠãæ€ç©ç§åŠãåèžåŠãããã³é¢é£åéã®åŠéšããã³å€§åŠé¢ã®åŠäœããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠããŸãããããã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãæ€ç©ã®çç©åŠãçæ åŠãããã³å®è·µçãªã¹ãã«ã«é¢ããå æ¬çãªæè²ãæäŸããŸãã
åŠéšããã°ã©ã ïŒåŠå£«å·ïŒ
æ€ç©åŠãŸãã¯é¢é£åéã®åŠå£«å·ã¯ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®å¹ åºãåºç€ãæäŸããŸããäžè¬çãªã³ãŒã¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- æ€ç©ã®è§£ååŠãšåœ¢æ åŠ
- æ€ç©ççåŠ
- æ€ç©çæ åŠ
- éºäŒåŠ
- 埮çç©åŠ
- é²å
- æ€ç©åé¡åŠ
äŸïŒã«ããã®ããªãã£ãã·ã¥ã³ãã³ãã¢å€§åŠã¯ãæ€ç©åŠã®çåŠå£«å·ãæäŸããŠãããåŠçã«æ€ç©ã®çç©åŠãçæ åŠãé²åã®åŒ·åãªåºç€ãæäŸããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒãªã©ã³ãã®ã¯ãŒã²ãã³ã²ã³å€§åŠïŒãªãµãŒãã¯ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®åŠå£«å·ããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠãããæç¶å¯èœãªé£æçç£ãšå€åããäžçã«ãããæ€ç©ã®åœ¹å²ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠããŸãã
倧åŠé¢ããã°ã©ã ïŒä¿®å£«å·ããã³å士å·ïŒ
倧åŠé¢ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãååçç©åŠãæ€ç©ç çåŠããŸãã¯ä¿è·çç©åŠãªã©ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®ç¹å®ã®åéã«ãããé«åºŠãªãã¬ãŒãã³ã°ãæäŸããŸããåŠçã¯éåžžãç¬èªã®ç ç©¶ãè¡ãããã®åéã®ç¥èã®é²æ©ã«è²¢ç®ããŸãã
äŸïŒè±åœã®ãªãã¯ã¹ãã©ãŒã倧åŠã¯ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®å²åŠå士ïŒDPhilïŒãæäŸããŠãããåŠçã¯æ€ç©ã®çºéãççåŠãçæ åŠãªã©ãå¹ åºãåéã§æå 端ã®ç ç©¶ãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
äŸïŒã¹ãŠã§ãŒãã³èŸ²æ¥ç§åŠå€§åŠïŒSLUïŒã¯ãæ€ç©çç©åŠã®ä¿®å£«å·ããã³å士å·ããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠãããæç¶å¯èœãªèŸ²æ¥ããã³ææ¥ã«éç¹ã眮ããŠããŸãã
ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãšèªå®
ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãšèªå®ã¯ããã«ã¿ã€ã ã®åŠäœããã°ã©ã ã«åãçµãããšãªããæ€ç©ã®ç¥èãåºãããåäººã«æè»ãªåŠç¿æ©äŒãæäŸããŸãããããã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãåºæ¬çãªæ€ç©åŠãããããŒãå»åŠãæç¶å¯èœãªèŸ²æ¥ãªã©ã®å°éåéãŸã§ãå¹ åºããããã¯ãã«ããŒããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒCourseraã¯ããã·ã¬ã³å€§åŠã®ãæ€ç©ãšäººéã®å¥åº·ããã³ãã³ããŒã²ã³å€§åŠã®ãæç¶å¯èœãªé£æçç£ããªã©ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®ããŸããŸãªãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãæäŸããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒè±åœã®çç«åèžåäŒïŒRHSïŒã¯ãå ¥éã³ãŒã¹ããå°éçãªèªå®ãŸã§ãåèžåŠã®ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãšè³æ ŒãæäŸããŠããŸãã
ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããšã³ãã¥ããã£ããã°ã©ã
ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããšã³ãã¥ããã£ããã°ã©ã ã¯ããããã幎霢ãšèæ¯ã®å人ã«å®è·µçãªåŠç¿äœéšãæäŸããŸãããããã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãã¬ãŒããã³ã°ãæ€ç©ã®èå¥ãç¹æ®ãªã©ã®å®è·µçãªã¹ãã«ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãããšããããããŸãã
äŸïŒå€ãã®æ€ç©åãšæ€ç©åã¯ãåšæ¥æ€ç©ã®ã¬ãŒããã³ã°ãå è¥äœããæš¹æšã®ã±ã¢ãªã©ã®ãããã¯ã«é¢ããã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããæäŸããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒã³ãã¥ããã£ã¬ãŒãã³ãšéœåžèŸ²å Žã¯ãæç¶å¯èœãªã¬ãŒããã³ã°ã®å®è·µã«é¢ããã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããäž»å¬ããããšãå€ããåå è ã«èªåã®é£æãæ œå¹ããå°åã®é£æå®å šä¿éã«è²¢ç®ããããã®ã¹ãã«ãæäŸããŸãã
æ€ç©åãšæ€ç©åã®æè²ããã°ã©ã
æ€ç©åãšæ€ç©åã¯æ€ç©æè²ã«ãããŠéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŠããããããã幎霢ã®èšªåè åãã®ããŸããŸãªããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠããŸãããããã®ããã°ã©ã ã«ã¯ãã¬ã€ãä»ããã¢ãŒãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããè¬æŒäŒãæè²å±ç€ºäŒãå«ãŸããããšããããããŸãã
äŸïŒè±åœã®ãã¥ãŒçç«æ€ç©åã¯ãã¬ã€ãä»ããã¢ãŒãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããåŠæ ¡èšªåãªã©ãæ€ç©ä¿è·ãçç©å€æ§æ§ãããã³äººé瀟äŒã«å¯Ÿããæ€ç©ã®éèŠæ§ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãå¹ åºãæè²ããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒã·ã³ã¬ããŒã«æ€ç©åã¯ãåäŸãšå€§äººåãã®æè²ããã°ã©ã ãæäŸããŠãããã¬ã€ãä»ããã¢ãŒãèªç¶æ£çãã©ã³ã®æ œå¹ãæç¶å¯èœãªã¬ãŒããã³ã°ãªã©ã®ãããã¯ã«é¢ããã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ãããå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
é©åãªããã°ã©ã ã®éžæ
æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ãéžæããéã¯ãããªãã®ç®æšãèå³ãåŠç¿ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãèæ ®ããŠãã ãããæ¬¡ã®è³ªåãèªåããŠãã ããã
- ç§ã®åŠç¿ç®æšã¯äœã§ããïŒæ€ç©ç§åŠã®ãã£ãªã¢ã远æ±ãããã§ããããããšãåã«æ€ç©ã«ã€ããŠãã£ãšåŠã³ããã§ããïŒ
- ç§ã®å¥œã¿ã®åŠç¿ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã¯äœã§ããïŒåŸæ¥ã®æå®€ã§ã®æå°ããªã³ã©ã€ã³åŠç¿ããŸãã¯å®è·µçãªã¯ãŒã¯ã·ã§ããã®ã©ãã奜ãã§ããïŒ
- ç§ã®äºç®ã¯ãããã§ããïŒå€§åŠã®åŠäœããã°ã©ã ã¯é«é¡ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãã³ãã¥ããã£ããã°ã©ã ã¯ããæé ãªäŸ¡æ Œã§ããããšããããããŸãã
- ç§ã®ã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ã©ããªã£ãŠããŸããïŒãã«ã¿ã€ã ã®åŠäœããã°ã©ã ã«åãçµãããšãã§ããŸããããããšãããæè»ãªåŠç¿ãªãã·ã§ã³ãå¿ èŠã§ããïŒ
ããŸããŸãªããã°ã©ã ãæ©é¢ã調æ»ããŠãããŒãºã«æé©ãªãã®ãèŠã€ããŠãã ãããããã°ã©ã ã®è©å€ãã«ãªãã¥ã©ã ãæå¡ã®å°éç¥èãããã³å©çšå¯èœãªãªãœãŒã¹ãªã©ã®èŠçŽ ãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
è³é調éã®æ©äŒ
åŠçãæ€ç©æè²ã®è³éã調éããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã€è³é調éã®æ©äŒããããŸãããããã®æ©äŒã«ã¯ã奚åŠéã婿éããã§ããŒã·ãããåŠçããŒã³ãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
- 奚åŠéïŒå€ãã®çµç¹ãæ©é¢ããæ€ç©ç§åŠããã³é¢é£åéã®åŠäœãååŸããåŠçã«å¥šåŠéãæäŸããŠããŸãã
- 婿éïŒæ€ç©åŠã«é¢é£ããç ç©¶ãããžã§ã¯ããæè²ã€ãã·ã¢ããã«ã¯ã婿éãå©çšã§ããããšããããããŸãã
- ãã§ããŒã·ããïŒãã§ããŒã·ããã¯ãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®é«åºŠãªç ç©¶ã远æ±ãã倧åŠé¢çã«çµæžçæ¯æŽãæäŸããŸãã
- åŠçããŒã³ïŒåŠçããŒã³ã¯åŠçãæè²è³éã調éããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãããåããåã«ããŒã³ã®æ¡ä»¶ãæ³šææ·±ãæ€èšããããšãéèŠã§ãã
äŸïŒã¢ã¡ãªã«æ€ç©åŠäŒã¯ãæ€ç©åŠã®åŠäœãååŸããåŠçã«ããã€ãã®å¥šåŠéãšå©æéãæäŸããŠããŸãã
äŸïŒç±³åœã®åœç«ç§åŠè²¡å£ïŒNSFïŒã¯ãæ€ç©çç©åŠã®ç ç©¶ã«å©æéãæäŸããŠããŸãã
æ€ç©ç§åŠã®ãã£ãªã¢ãã¹
æ€ç©æè²ã¯ãããŸããŸãªããããã®ãããã£ãªã¢ãã¹ã«ã€ãªããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- æ€ç©åŠè ïŒæ€ç©ã®çç©åŠãçæ åŠãããã³é²åã«é¢ããç ç©¶ãè¡ããŸãã
- åèžå®¶ïŒé£æã芳è³ç®çããŸãã¯ä¿è·ã®ããã«æ€ç©ãæ œå¹ããŸãã
- æ€ç©ç çåŠè ïŒæ€ç©ç ãç ç©¶ãããã®å¶åŸ¡ã®ããã®æŠç¥ãéçºããŸãã
- æ€ç©è²çš®å®¶ïŒéžæçè²çš®ãéããŠãæ°ããæ¹è¯ãããæ€ç©åçš®ãéçºããŸãã
- ä¿å šçç©åŠè ïŒçæ¯å°ã®åªå€±ãæ°åå€åãªã©ã®è åšããæ€ç©çš®ãšãã®çæ¯å°ãä¿è·ããŸãã
- çæ åŠè ïŒæ€ç©ãšãã®ç°å¢ã®çžäºäœçšãç ç©¶ããŸãã
- 蟲æ¥ç§åŠè ïŒäœç©ã®åéãæ¹åããç°å¢ãžã®åœ±é¿ã軜æžããããã®æç¶å¯èœãªèŸ²æ¥æ £è¡ãéçºããŸãã
- æ°ææ€ç©åŠè ïŒããŸããŸãªæåã«ãããäººãšæ€ç©ã®é¢ä¿ãç ç©¶ããŸãã
- ç§åŠæè²è ïŒK-12ãŸãã¯å€§åŠã¬ãã«ã§æ€ç©ç§åŠãæããŸãã
- æ€ç©ååŠèžå¡ïŒæ€ç©åã§æ€ç©ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšæè²ããã°ã©ã ã管çããŸãã
æ€ç©æè²ã®æªæ¥
æ€ç©æè²ã¯ãå°çãçŽé¢ããŠãã課é¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããäžã§ãããŸã§ä»¥äžã«éèŠã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããäžçã®äººå£ãå¢å ããæ°åå€åãæ¿åããã«ã€ããŠãæç¶å¯èœãªèŸ²æ¥æ £è¡ãéçºããçç©å€æ§æ§ãä¿è·ããæ±æã®åœ±é¿ãç·©åããããšãéèŠã§ããæ€ç©æè²ã¯ããããã®èª²é¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããããæç¶å¯èœãªæªæ¥ãåµé ããããã«å¿ èŠãªç¥èãšã¹ãã«ãæäŸããŸãã
æ€ç©æè²ã«ãããæ°ããªãã¬ã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- åŠéçãªã¢ãããŒãïŒæ€ç©ç§åŠããããŒã¿ç§åŠãå·¥åŠã瀟äŒç§åŠãªã©ã®ä»ã®åéãšçµ±åããŸãã
- æç¶å¯èœæ§ãžã®çŠç¹ïŒæç¶å¯èœãªèŸ²æ¥æ £è¡ãæ€ç©ä¿è·ãçæ ç³»å埩ãéèŠããŸãã
- ãã¯ãããžãŒã®å©çšïŒã²ããã¯ã¹ããã€ãªã€ã³ãã©ããã£ã¯ã¹ããªã¢ãŒãã»ã³ã·ã³ã°ãªã©ã®æ°ãããã¯ãããžãŒãæ€ç©ç§åŠã®ç ç©¶ãšæè²ã«çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãŸãã
- ã¢ã¯ã»ã·ããªãã£ã®åäžïŒãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã³ãŒã¹ãã³ãã¥ããã£ããã°ã©ã ãã¢ãŠããªãŒãã€ãã·ã¢ãããéããŠãæ€ç©æè²ãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãæ¡å€§ããŸãã
äŸïŒCRISPRãã¯ãããžãŒã®éçºã¯æ€ç©è²çš®ã«é©åœããããããç§åŠè ã¯æ€ç©éºäŒåãæ£ç¢ºã«ç·šéããŠãäœç©ã®åéãšå®³è«ãç æ°ã«å¯Ÿããæµæåãåäžãããããšãã§ããŸãããã®ãã¯ãããžãŒã«ã¯ãæ€ç©éºäŒåŠãšååçç©åŠã®æ·±ãçè§£ãå¿ èŠã§ãããé«åºŠãªæ€ç©æè²ã®éèŠæ§ã匷調ãããŠããŸãã
ãããªãæ¢æ±ã®ããã®ãªãœãŒã¹
- ã¢ã¡ãªã«æ€ç©åŠäŒïŒwww.botany.org
- ã¢ã¡ãªã«åèžç§åŠåäŒïŒwww.ashs.org
- åœéåèžç§åŠåäŒïŒwww.ishs.org
- çç«åèžåäŒïŒè±åœïŒïŒwww.rhs.org.uk
- ãã¿ããã¯ã¬ãŒãã³ãºã³ã³ãµããŒã·ã§ã³ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã·ã§ãã«ïŒwww.bgci.org
çµè«
æ€ç©æè²ã¯ãæ€ç©ã®äžçãçè§£ããããšããå人ã«ãšã£ãŠã倿§ã§ããããã®ããéãæäŸããŸããæ€ç©ç§åŠã®ãã£ãªã¢ã远æ±ããããšã«é¢å¿ãããå Žåã§ããèªç¶çãžã®æè¬ãé«ããå Žåã§ããããæç¶å¯èœãªæªæ¥ã«è²¢ç®ããå Žåã§ããããªãã«ãŽã£ããã®æ€ç©æè²ããã°ã©ã ããããŸããå©çšå¯èœãªæ©äŒãæ¢æ±ããæ€ç©ã®é åçãªäžçãè§£ãæŸã¡ãŸãããïŒ
ãã®ã¬ã€ãã¯ãæ€ç©æè²ãžã®æ ã®åºçºç¹ãæäŸããŸããåã ã®ããŒãºãšç®æšã«æé©ãªãã®ãèŠã€ããããã«ãç¹å®ã®ããã°ã©ã ãšæ©é¢ã調æ»ããããšãå¿ããªãã§ãã ãããæ€ç©ã®äžçãããªããåŸ ã£ãŠããŸãïŒ