äžçäžã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ã®æè¡ãçºèŠããŠããŒã¯ãªã¢ã€ãã ãèŠã€ããäŸ¡æ Œã亀æžããå°çèŠæš¡ã§ãµã¹ãããã«ãªãã¡ãã·ã§ã³ãå®è·µããæ¹æ³ãåŠã³ãŸãããã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ç©¶æ¥µã¬ã€ãïŒäžçãå·¡ã宿¢ã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯ãåã«æãè²·ã以äžã®ãã®ã§ããããã¯ãµã¹ãããã«ãªã©ã€ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã§ãããæŽå²ã®æ¢æ±ã§ãããåµé çãªè¡šçŸã®å Žã§ããããŸãããã¡ã¹ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ãšå€§éçç£ã®æä»£ã«ãããŠããŠããŒã¯ãªäžå€åãèŠã€ããé åã¯ãã€ãŠãªãã»ã©é«ãŸã£ãŠããŸãããã®ã¬ã€ãã§ã¯ããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãšå€çã®äžçãå·¡ãã°ããŒãã«ãªæ ã«ãæ¡å ããçç·Žã®ãã¬ãžã£ãŒãã³ã¿ãŒã«ãªãããã®ç¥èãšã¹ãã«ãæäŸããŸãã
ãªããŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ãéžã¶ã®ãïŒ
1. ãµã¹ããããªãã£ãšå«ççæ¶è²»
ãã¡ã¹ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ãç°å¢ã«äžãã圱é¿ã¯åŠå®ã§ããŸãããæ°Žè³ªæ±æããç¹ç¶å»æ£ç©ãŸã§ããã®æ¥çæ £è¡ã¯æç¶äžå¯èœã§ããå€çããŽã£ã³ããŒãžã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯ãè¡£é¡ã®ã©ã€ããµã€ã¯ã«ãå»¶ã°ããæ°åã®çç£éèŠãæžããããšã§ã匷åãªä»£æ¿æ¡ãæäŸããŸããäžå€åãéžã¶ããšã§ãããªãã¯ãã埪ç°åã®çµæžã«ç©æ¥µçã«è²¢ç®ããèªèº«ã®äºé žåççŽ æåºéãåæžããããšã«ãªããŸãã
äŸïŒã¬ãŒãã®ã¢ã¯ã©ã«ããã«ã³ã¿ãã³ãåžå Žã¯ã欧米諞åœãã廿£ãããè¡£é¡ãæ°ããªåœãåŸã巚倧ãªå€çåžå Žã§ãããã®åžå Žã¯ç¬èªã®èª²é¡ãæ±ããŠããŸãããäžå€åã®ã°ããŒãã«ãªåããšåå©çšã®å¯èœæ§ãæµ®ã圫ãã«ããŠããŸãã
2. ãŠããŒã¯ãªã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãšåæ§
ã©ããžè¡ã£ãŠãåããããªæè£ ã°ããèŠãã®ã«ããããããŠããŸãããïŒãŽã£ã³ããŒãžã¹ãã¢ãå€çå±ã¯ãããªãã®åæ§ã衚çŸã§ããäžç¹ãã®ã®ã¢ã€ãã ã§æº¢ããŠããŸãã倧éçç£ã®ãã¬ã³ãã¯å¿ããç°ãªãæä»£ã®è¡£æãæã€åæ§ãšæŽå²ãåãå ¥ããŸããããçŸä»£ã®å°å£²åºã§ã¯èŠã€ããããªããŽã£ã³ããŒãžã®ã«ãããçå°ããã£ããŒã«ãçºèŠããŠãã ããã
äŸïŒããªã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžããã£ãã¯ã§å®ç§ã«ä»ç«ãŠããã1950幎代ã®ã«ã¯ãã«ãã¬ã¹ãèŠã€ããããæ¥æ¬ã®äº¬éœã®åžå Žã§æåºç¹ã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžçç©ãèŠã€ãããããããšãæ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ããããããã®ã¢ã€ãã ã¯ç©èªãèªããããªãã®ããŒãœãã«ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã«æ¬ç©ããããå ããŠãããŸãã
3. æé ãªäŸ¡æ Œ
æ£çŽãªãšããããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã¯é«äŸ¡ã«ãªããã¡ã§ãããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯ãã¹ã¿ã€ãªãã·ã¥ãªã¯ãŒãããŒããæ§ç¯ããããã®äºç®ã«åªããæ¹æ³ãæäŸããŸããé«å質ã®ã¢ã€ãã ãæ°åã®æ°åã®äžã®äŸ¡æ Œã§èŠã€ããããšããããããŸããããã«ãããããŸããŸãªã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã詊ããããå²åŒäŸ¡æ Œã§ãã¶ã€ããŒãºã¢ã€ãã ã«æè³ãããã倧éããããã«èªåã®åæ§ãåæ ããã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãç¯ãããšãã§ããŸãã
4. æ¢ãã¹ãªã«
å€çå±ã§é ããéžåãçºèŠããããšã«ã¯ãããçš®ã®è奮ã䌎ããŸããå®ç§ã«ãã£ãããããŽã£ã³ããŒãžã®ã¬ã¶ãŒãžã£ã±ãããåžå°ãªãã¶ã€ããŒããã°ãèŠã€ãããšãã®æèŠã¯æ Œå¥ã§ãããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯åéºã§ãããå¿èãšç²ã匷ãããŠããŒã¯ã§äŸ¡å€ããçºèŠã§å ±ããã宿¢ããªã®ã§ãã
ã©ãã§è²·ããïŒãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã®ã°ããŒãã«ã¬ã€ã
1. ã¹ãªããã¹ãã¢ãšãã£ãªãã£ãŒã·ã§ãã
ãããã¯æé ãªäŸ¡æ Œã®äžå€è¡£æåãæã«å ¥ããããã®å®çªã®å Žæã§ããGoodwillïŒåç±³ïŒãOxfamïŒè±åœïŒãSalvation ArmyïŒæäžè»ãäžçäžïŒãªã©ã®çµç¹ããå¹ åºãè¡£é¡ãã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒãå®¶åºçšåãæäŸããã¹ãªããã¹ãã¢ãéå¶ããŠããŸãããããã®åºã¯ãã°ãã°æŽçãããŠãããããã²ãŒããããããããåå¿è ã«ãšã£ãŠæé©ãªåºçºç¹ã§ãã
ãã³ãïŒå®æçãªã»ãŒã«ãå²åŒæ¥ããã§ãã¯ããŠãæå€§éç¯çŽããŸãããã
2. ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžããã£ãã¯
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžããã£ãã¯ã¯ãé«å質ã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžè¡£æã®å³éžãããã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå°éãšããŠããŸãããããã®åºã¯ããã¶ã€ããŒãŽã£ã³ããŒãžã1950幎代ã®ãã¬ã¹ããŽã£ã³ããŒãžã¡ã³ãºãŠã§ã¢ãªã©ãç¹å®ã®çŠç¹ãæã£ãŠããããšãå€ãã§ããäŸ¡æ Œã¯ã¹ãªããã¹ãã¢ãããé«ããããããŸãããããã®åãå°éç¥èããã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³ããããŠãã°ãã°è¡£é¡ã®ä¿®åŸ©ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¯æãããšã«ãªããŸãã
äŸïŒãã³ãã³ãããªããã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ãæ±äº¬ãªã©ã®éœåžã¯ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžããã£ãã¯ã§æåã§ããã·ã§ãŒãã£ããïŒãã³ãã³ïŒãã«ã»ãã¬ïŒããªïŒãã€ãŒã¹ãã»ãŽã£ã¬ããžïŒãã¥ãŒãšãŒã¯ïŒãªã©ã®å°åºãæ¢çŽ¢ããŠãé ããååºãèŠã€ããŸãããã
3. ããªãŒããŒã±ãããšãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãã§ã¢
ããªãŒããŒã±ããããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãã§ã¢ã¯ã倿§ãªãŽã£ã³ããŒãžè¡£æãã¢ã³ãã£ãŒã¯ãåéåãèŠã€ããããšãã§ããæŽ»æ°ããããã§ãããããã®ã€ãã³ãã«ã¯ãããã®ãã³ããŒãšå人ã®å£²ãæãæ··åšããŠãããå¹ åºãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ãšäŸ¡æ Œåž¯ãæäŸããŠããŸããæè¯ã®ååŒãèŠã€ããããã«ã¯ã亀æžããæºåãããæéããããŠèŠãŠåãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
äŸïŒã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢å·ããµããã®ããŒãºããŠã«ã»ããªãŒããŒã±ããããããªã®ãµã³ã»ãã¥ãŒã¢ã³ã®è€ã®åžã¯ãäžçæå€§çŽãã€æãæåãªããªãŒããŒã±ããã®äžéšã§ãããä¿¡ããããªãã»ã©ã®ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžã®å®ç©ãæäŸããŠããŸãã
4. ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ããŒã±ãããã¬ã€ã¹
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã¯ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãšå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã«é©åœããããããäžçäžã®ã©ãããã§ããŠããŒã¯ãªã¢ã€ãã ããããŸã§ä»¥äžã«ç°¡åã«èŠã€ããããããã«ããŸãããEtsyãeBayãDepopãPoshmarkãªã©ã®ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã¯ããŽã£ã³ããŒãžè¡£æãã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒãå®¶åºçšåã®èšå€§ãªã»ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãæäŸããŠããŸããè³Œå ¥ããåã«ã販売è ã®è©äŸ¡ãšåå説æãæ³šææ·±ã確èªããŠãã ããã
ãã³ãïŒç¹å®ã®ããŒã¯ãŒããšãã£ã«ã¿ãŒã䜿çšããŠæ€çŽ¢ãçµã蟌ã¿ãæ¢ããŠãããã®ãæ£ç¢ºã«èŠã€ããŸãããã
5. å§èšè²©å£²åº
å§èšè²©å£²åºã¯ãææè ã«ä»£ãã£ãŠäžå€åã販売ããŸãããããã®åºã¯éåžžããã€ãšã³ããã©ã³ãããã¶ã€ããŒãºè¡£æã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠãããç¶æ ã®è¯ãäžå€åã®å³éžãããã»ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãæäŸããŠããŸããå§èšè²©å£²åºã¯ãã¶ã€ããŒãºã¢ã€ãã ãå²åŒäŸ¡æ Œã§èŠã€ããã®ã«æé©ãªå Žæã§ãããã¢ã€ãã ã®ç¶æ ãæ³šææ·±ã確èªããŠãã ããã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ãæåãããããã®å¿ é ã®ãã³ã
1. èªåã®ãµã€ãºãç¥ã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžã®ãµã€ãºè¡šèšã¯çŸä»£ã®ãã®ãšå€§ããç°ãªãå ŽåããããŸããè¡£é¡ã®ãµã€ãºã¯é·å¹Žã«ããã£ãŠå€§å¹ ã«å€åããŠããããããµã€ãºã©ãã«ã ããé Œãã«ããã®ã¯èª€è§£ãæãå¯èœæ§ããããŸããè²·ãç©ã«è¡ãåã«å¿ ãã¡ãžã£ãŒãæåããèªåã®ãµã€ãºïŒãã¹ãããŠãšã¹ããããããè©å¹ ãè¡äžïŒã枬ã£ãŠãããŸããããããã«ãããã¿ã°ã®ãµã€ãºã«é¢ä¿ãªããèªåã«åã£ãã¢ã€ãã ãèŠã€ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
2. ã¢ã€ãã ãæ³šææ·±ãç¹æ€ãã
äœããè³Œå ¥ããåã«ãæå·ããªãã培åºçã«ç¹æ€ããŠãã ãããã·ããç Žãã穎ããã¿ã³ã®æ¬ æãå£ãããžãããŒãªã©ãæ©èã®å åãæ¢ããŸããããäžå®å šãªç¹ã«ã€ããŠè²©å£²è ã«å°ããããšãæãããä¿®çå¯èœãã©ããã確èªããŠãã ããã
ãã³ãïŒå°ããªäžå®å šãã¯ãå°ãã®è£çž«ãã¯ãªãŒãã³ã°ã§ä¿®æ£ã§ããããšããããããŸããããããä¿®çãå°é£ãŸãã¯é«äŸ¡ã«ãªããããªå€§ããªæå·ã®ããã¢ã€ãã ã«ã¯æ³šæããŠãã ããã
3. å€åã亀æžãæããªã
å€åã亀æžã¯ãå€ãã®ããªãŒããŒã±ããããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãã§ã¢ã§äžè¬çãªæ £ç¿ã§ããç¹ã«è€æ°ã®ã¢ã€ãã ãèŠã€ããå Žåããã¢ã€ãã ã«è»œåŸ®ãªäžå®å šããããå Žåã¯ãäŸ¡æ Œäº€æžãæããªãã§ãã ãããç€Œåæ£ããæ¬æãæããæ¯æãææã®ããäŸ¡æ ŒãããäœãäŸ¡æ Œããæç€ºãå§ããŸãããã
æåçé æ ®ïŒå€åã亀æžã®ãšãã±ããã¯æåã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªããŸããäžå¿«æãäžããªãããã«ãè²·ãç©ãããåã«çŸå°ã®ç¿æ £ã調ã¹ãŠãããŸããããäžéšã®åœã§ã¯å€åã亀æžãæåŸ ãããŠããŸãããä»ã®åœã§ã¯å€±ç€ŒãšèŠãªãããå ŽåããããŸãã
4. 詊çãã
å¯èœã§ããã°ãè³Œå ¥åã«è¡£é¡ã詊çããŠãã ãããããã¯ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžè¡£æã§ã¯ç¹ã«éèŠã§ãããã£ããæã倧ããç°ãªãå¯èœæ§ãããããã§ããå šäœã®ã·ã«ãšãããè¡£æã®ãã¬ãŒããçå¿å°ãè¯ããã©ããã«æ³šæãæããŸãããããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§è²·ãç©ãããå Žåã¯ã販売è ã®ãµã€ãºãã£ãŒããæ³šææ·±ã確èªããèªåã®å¯žæ³ãšæ¯èŒããŠãã ããã
5. èªåã®çŽæãä¿¡ãã
æã«ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã¢ã€ãã ã«ã€ããŠãã ãããã ããšããæèŠãæã€ããšããããŸããããäœããæ°ã«å ¥ã£ããããããããã«è³Œå ¥ããŸãããããŽã£ã³ããŒãžã¹ãã¢ãå€çå±ã¯åžžã«å€åããŠããã®ã§ãæ°ã«å ¥ã£ããã®ãèŠéããšãæ¬¡ã«æ¥ããšãã«ã¯ãããªããããããŸããã
6. é«å質ãªçå°ãšäœãã«å¯Ÿããéãç®ãé€ã
äœãã®è¯ãè¡£æãšæªãè¡£æãèŠåããããšãåŠã³ãŸããããçå°ãçž«è£œãæ§é ã®è©³çްã調ã¹ãŸãããŠãŒã«ãã·ã«ã¯ããªãã³ãã³ããã³ãªã©ã®èä¹ æ§ã®ããçŽ æãæ¢ããŠãã ãããè£åŒ·ãããçž«ãç®ãæä»äžãã®ãã£ããŒã«ããã£ãããšããè£å°ã確èªããŸãããããã¯ãã¹ãŠãä»åŸäœå¹Žãé·æã¡ããé«å質ãªè¡£æã®èšŒã§ãã
7. ãçŽããæ€èšãã
ã¢ã€ãã ãå®ç§ã«ãã£ããããªããŠããããã«è«Šããªãã§ãã ãããããè¯ããã£ããããããã«çŽãããã©ãããæ€èšããŸããããçç·ŽãããçŽãå±ã¯ãè¢ãçãããããŠãšã¹ããè©°ããã裟ã調æŽãããªã©ããŽã£ã³ããŒãžè¡£æã«å€§å¹ ãªèª¿æŽãæœãããšãã§ããããšããããããŸããã¢ã€ãã ãè³Œå ¥ãããã©ãããæ±ºãããšãã¯ããçŽãã®è²»çšãäºç®ã«å«ããŠãã ããã
8. ã¯ãªãŒãã³ã°ãšæå ¥ã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çãççšããåã«ãé©åã«ã¯ãªãŒãã³ã°ããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããã±ã¢ã©ãã«ã§æç€ºã確èªããæ³šææ·±ãåŸã£ãŠãã ãããã©ãã«ããªããäžæçãªå Žåã¯ã念ã®ããå·æ°Žãšäžæ§æŽå€ã§ææŽãããŠãã ãããããªã±ãŒããªçå°ãå·ã€ããå¯èœæ§ãããããã匷åãªååŠè¬åãæŒçœå€ã®äœ¿çšã¯é¿ããŠãã ãããããªã±ãŒããŸãã¯è²Žéãªã¢ã€ãã ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãããã®ãã©ã€ã¯ãªãŒãã³ã°åºã«æã¡èŸŒãããšãæ€èšããŠãã ããã
9. äžå®å šããåãå ¥ãã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã«ã¯ã軜埮ãªã·ããå°ããªç©Žãè²ãããªã©ãããã€ãã®äžå®å šãã䌎ãããšããããããŸããããããæ¬ ç¹ãšèŠãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããã¢ã€ãã ã®æŽå²ãšåæ§ã®äžéšãšããŠåãå ¥ããŸãããããããã®äžå®å šãã¯ç©èªãèªããè¡£æã®ãŠããŒã¯ãªé åãå¢ããŠãããŸãã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ã«ãããæåã®éããä¹ãè¶ãã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°äœéšã¯ãæåã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªãå ŽåããããŸããäžçã®ããŸããŸãªå°åã§è²·ãç©ãããéã«å¿ã«çããŠããã¹ãããšãããã€ã玹ä»ããŸãïŒ
- å€åã亀æžã®ãšãã±ããïŒåè¿°ã®éããå€åã亀æžã®ç¿æ £ã¯æ§ã ã§ããäžå¿«æãäžããªãããã«ãè²·ãç©ãããåã«çŸå°ã®ç¿æ £ã調ã¹ãŠãããŸãããã
- åºèã®ã¬ã€ã¢ãŠããšæŽçïŒé«åºŠã«æŽçãããŠããåºãããã°ãããæ··æ²ãšããŠããåºããããŸããæ¢ããŠãããã®ãèŠã€ããããã«ãæéããããŠèŠãŠåããæãåºãæºåãããŠãããŸãããã
- äŸ¡æ Œèšå®ïŒäŸ¡æ Œã¯å Žæãåºã®çš®é¡ã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªããŸããçŸå°ã®åžå ŽäŸ¡æ Œãèªèããããã«å¿ããŠæ¯æãæºåãããŠãããŸãããã
- æ¯æãæ¹æ³ïŒçŸéããåãä»ããªãåºãããã°ãã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒããã¢ãã€ã«æ±ºæžãåãä»ããåºããããŸããè²·ãç©ãå§ããåã«æ¯æãæ¹æ³ã確èªããŠãã ããã
- èšèªã®å£ïŒçŸå°ã®èšèªã話ããªãå Žåã¯ãäŸ¡æ Œããµã€ãºãç¶æ ã«ã€ããŠå°ããããã®åºæ¬çãªãã¬ãŒãºãããã€ãèŠããŠãããšåœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžïŒå€çã·ã§ããã³ã°ã®æªæ¥
ãã¡ã¹ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã®ç°å¢çããã³å«çç圱é¿ã«å¯Ÿããæèãé«ãŸãã«ã€ããŠããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯ããã«äººæ°ãé«ãŸãã§ãããããªã³ã©ã€ã³ããŒã±ãããã¬ã€ã¹ããœãŒã·ã£ã«ã¡ãã£ã¢ã®å°é ã«ããããŠããŒã¯ã§æé ãªäŸ¡æ Œã®äžå€åããããŸã§ä»¥äžã«ç°¡åã«èŠã€ããããããã«ãªããŸãããæ¶è²»è ã¯ãŸããŸããã¡ã¹ããã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã«ä»£ããæç¶å¯èœã§å«ççãªéžæè¢ãæ±ããŠããããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯é åçãªè§£æ±ºçãæäŸããŸãããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çãåãå ¥ããããšã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯çãããæç¶å¯èœã§ã¹ã¿ã€ãªãã·ã¥ãªæªæ¥ã«è²¢ç®ããããšãã§ããŸãã
çµè«
ãŽã£ã³ããŒãžãå€çã®ã·ã§ããã³ã°ã¯ããŠããŒã¯ã§ã¹ã¿ã€ãªãã·ã¥ãªã¯ãŒãããŒããæ§ç¯ããããã®ãããããã®ããæç¶å¯èœãªæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®ã¬ã€ãã®ãã³ããšã¬ã€ãã©ã€ã³ã«åŸãããšã§ãããªãã¯çç·Žã®ãã¬ãžã£ãŒãã³ã¿ãŒã«ãªããèªåã®åæ§ãšäŸ¡å€èгãåæ ããäžç¹ãã®ã®ã¢ã€ãã ãèŠã€ããåã³ãçºèŠããããšãã§ããŸãããããåéºãåãå ¥ãããŽã£ã³ããŒãžãšå€çã®äžçãæ¢æ€ãããã¡ãã·ã§ããã«ã§è²¬ä»»ããã¯ãŒãããŒããäœãäžããŸãããã