é åçãªåç©è¡å芳å¯ã®äžçãæ¢æ±ããŸããããç ç©¶ãä¿å šãåç©çŠç¥ã«ãããæ¹æ³è«ãå«ççé æ ®ãäžççãªå¿çšã«ã€ããŠåŠã³ãŸãã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã®èžè¡ãšç§åŠïŒã°ããŒãã«ã¬ã€ã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã¯ãåç©è¡ååŠãä¿å šçç©åŠãåç©çŠç¥ã®åºç€ãšãªããã®ã§ããåç©ãç°å¢ãäºãã«ã©ã®ããã«çžäºäœçšãããã«ã€ããŠã®éèŠãªæŽå¯ãæäŸããŸãããã®å æ¬çãªã¬ã€ãã§ã¯ãäžçäžã§è¡ãããŠããåç©è¡å芳å¯ã®æ¹æ³è«ãå«ççé æ ®ããããŠå€æ§ãªå¿çšäŸã«ã€ããŠæ¢æ±ããŸãã
ãªãåç©ã®è¡åã芳å¯ããã®ãïŒ
åç©ã®è¡åãçè§£ããããšã¯ãããã€ãã®çç±ããäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
- ä¿å šïŒè¡åãã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ããããšã§ãçæ¯å°ã®åªå€±ãæ°åå€åã人éã®æŽ»åãåç©ã®åäœçŸ€ã«äžãã圱é¿ãæããã«ããããšãã§ããŸããäŸãã°ã忥µã®ãããã§ã¯ã°ãã®æ¡é€è¡åã®å€åã芳å¯ããããšã¯ãæµ·æ°·ã®æžå°ã®åœ±é¿ã瀺ãããšããããŸãã
- åç©çŠç¥ïŒåç©åãèŸ²å Žãªã©ã®é£Œè²ç°å¢ã§è¡åã芳å¯ããããšã¯ãåç©ã®å¹žçŠåºŠãè©äŸ¡ããæ¹åãã¹ãé åãç¹å®ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããæª»ã«å ¥ããããåç©ã®é床ãªåžžåè¡åïŒããŒã·ã³ã°ïŒã®ãããªç°åžžè¡åã¯ãã¹ãã¬ã¹ãäžé©åãªé£Œè²ç°å¢ã®å åã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
- ç ç©¶ïŒåç©è¡åã®ç ç©¶ã¯ã瀟äŒçãã€ããã¯ã¹ãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåŠç¿ãé©å¿ãå«ãåºæ¬çãªçç©åŠçããã»ã¹ãžã®æŽå¯ãæäŸããŸããäŸãã°ãã¿ã³ã¶ãã¢ã§ãã³ãã³ãžãŒã®éå ·äœ¿çšãç ç©¶ããç ç©¶è ã¯ãéé·é¡ã®ç¥èœãšæåçäŒéã«ã€ããŠããæ·±ãçè§£ããããšãã§ããŸãã
- 管çïŒå®¶çãéçåç©ã®è¡åãçè§£ããããšã¯ã广çãªç®¡çæŠç¥ã«ãšã£ãŠæ¥µããŠéèŠã§ããããã«ã¯ãå®¶çã®ç®¡çã害ç£ã®é§é€ã人éãšéçåç©ã®å¯Ÿç«ã®ç·©åãªã©ãå«ãŸããŸããäŸãã°ãããã¯ãã®ãŸãŠã®ç§»åãã¿ãŒã³ãçè§£ããããšã¯ã蟲äœç©ãžã®è¢«å®³ãé²ããå ±åãä¿é²ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã®æ¹æ³è«
åç©ã®è¡åã芳å¯ããéã«ã¯ãããã€ãã®æ¹æ³è«ãçšããããšãã§ããŸããæ¹æ³ã®éžæã¯ãç 究課é¡ã察象皮ãå©çšå¯èœãªãªãœãŒã¹ã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªããŸãã
1. èªç±èšè¿°æ³ïŒAd Libitum SamplingïŒ
èªç±èšè¿°æ³ã¯ããããããå®ããããã«ããŽãªãŒãç¹å®ã®æéééãªãã«ã芳å¯ããããã¹ãŠã®è¡åãèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãäºåçãªèгå¯ãæœåšçãªç 究課é¡ã®ç¹å®ã«æçšã§ãããããã芳å¯è ãç®ç«ã€è¡åãè峿·±ãè¡åã«éäžããã¡ã§ããããããã€ã¢ã¹ãçãããããšããæ¬ ç¹ããããŸããäŸãã°ãç ç©¶è ã¯æäœã®ã©ã€ãªã³ãäŒæ¯ããŠããè¡åããããã©ã€ãªã³ã®åäŸãã¡ã®éã³ã®çžäºäœçšãããé »ç¹ã«èšé²ãããããããŸããã
2. åäœè¿œè·¡æ³ïŒFocal Animal SamplingïŒ
åäœè¿œè·¡æ³ã¯ãåäžã®åç©ãéžæããç¹å®ã®æéäžã«ãã®ãã¹ãŠã®è¡åãèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãåäœã®è¡åã«ã€ããŠããæ§é åããããã€ã¢ã¹ã®å°ãªãèšé²ãæäŸããŸãã芳å¯è ã¯ãããããéžæãããåç©ã«ã®ã¿çŠç¹ãåœãŠããã®åç©ãè¡ããã¹ãŠã®ããšïŒãŸãã¯äºåã«å®çŸ©ãããé¢å¿ã®ããè¡åïŒãèšé²ããŸããäŸãã°ãã±ãã¢ã§ããã®ç€ŸäŒççžäºäœçšãç ç©¶ããç ç©¶è ã¯ãããåäœã远跡察象ãšããŠéžã³ãæå®ãããæéäžãä»ã®çŸ€ãã®ã¡ã³ããŒãšã®ãã¹ãŠã®çžäºäœçšãèšé²ãããããããŸããã
3. ã¹ãã£ã³ãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ïŒScan SamplingïŒ
ã¹ãã£ã³ãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ã¯ããããããå®ããããæéééã§åç©ã®çŸ€ãã芳å¯ãããã®ç¬éã®ååäœã®è¡åãèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã矀ãå šäœã®æŽ»åæéé åãè©äŸ¡ããè¡åã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãç¹å®ããã®ã«æçšã§ããäŸãã°ããã©ãã³ãŽã®çŸ€ããç ç©¶ããç ç©¶è ã¯ã15åããšã«çŸ€ããã¹ãã£ã³ããæ¡é€ã矜ç¹ããäŒæ¯ããŠããåäœã®æ°ãèšé²ãããããããŸããã
4. è¡åãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ïŒBehavior SamplingïŒ
è¡åãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ã¯ãåç©ã®çŸ€ãã®äžã§ç¹å®ã®è¡åãçºçãããã³ã«ãã¹ãŠèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããŸããªè¡åãé »åºŠã®äœãè¡åãç ç©¶ããã®ã«æçšã§ããäŸãã°ãé³¥ã®æ±æãã£ã¹ãã¬ã€ãç ç©¶ããç ç©¶è ã¯ãåäœçŸ€ã§èгå¯ãããç¹å®ã®æ±æè¡åã®ãã¹ãŠã®äºäŸãèšé²ãããããããŸããã
5. é£ç¶èšé²æ³ïŒContinuous RecordingïŒ
é£ç¶èšé²æ³ã¯ãããè¡åã®ãã¹ãŠã®çºçã«ã€ããŠããã®éå§æå»ãšçµäºæå»ãèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯è¡åã«é¢ããæãè©³çŽ°ãªæ å ±ãæäŸããŸãããç¹ã«è€éãªè¡åãå€§èŠæš¡ãªåç©ã®çŸ€ãã«å¯ŸããŠã¯ãæéããããã宿œãé£ããå ŽåããããŸããéåžžã«æ£ç¢ºã§ããã芳å¯è ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯ç²ããäœæ¥ãããããŸããã
6. æéãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ïŒTime SamplingïŒ
æéãµã³ããªã³ã°æ³ã¯ããããããå®ããããæéééã§è¡åãçºçãããã©ãããèšé²ããæ¹æ³ã§ããæéãµã³ããªã³ã°ã«ã¯äž»ã«2ã€ã®ã¿ã€ãããããŸãïŒç¬éãµã³ããªã³ã°ïŒééã®æ£ç¢ºãªç¬éã«è¡åãèšé²ããïŒãšã¯ã³ãŒããµã³ããªã³ã°ïŒééäžã«ãã®è¡åãå°ãªããšã1åçºçãããã©ãããèšé²ããïŒã§ããããã¯åçŽãªæ¹æ³ã§ãããééã®åéã«çºçããè¡åãèŠéãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
芳å¯ã®ããã®ããŒã«ãšæè¡
æè¡ã®é²æ©ã¯ãåç©è¡å芳å¯ã®èœåãèããåäžãããŸããã
- ã«ã¡ã©ãã©ããïŒã«ã¡ã©ãã©ããã¯ãé éã§èµ·åããã«ã¡ã©ã§ãèªç¶ã®çæ¯å°ã§åç©ã®ç»åãåç»ãæ®åœ±ã§ããŸãããããã®ããã€ã¹ã¯ãæããã«ããçš®ãå€è¡æ§ã®çš®ãç ç©¶ããã®ã«ç¹ã«æçšã§ããããã©ã€ã®ãŠããã§ãŠããã¢ããŸã³ã®ãžã£ã¬ãŒãŸã§ãéççç©ã®ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ã§åºã䜿çšãããŠããŸãã
- GPS远跡ïŒGPSéŠèŒªãã¿ã°ãåç©ã«åãä»ããããšã§ããã®åããçæ¯å°ã®å©çšç¶æ³ã远跡ã§ããŸãããã®æè¡ã¯ãç§»åãã¿ãŒã³ãè¡ååã®åºããè³æºå©çšã«é¢ãã貎éãªæ å ±ãæäŸããŸããäŸãã°ãã»ã¬ã³ã²ãã£ã®ããŒã®ç§»åã«ãŒãã远跡ããããšã¯ã圌ãã®çæ åŠçèŠä»¶ãçè§£ããåäœçŸ€ã管çããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
- é³é¿ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒé³é¿èšé²è£ 眮ã䜿çšããŠãåç©ã®çºå£°ããã®ä»ã®é³ãç£èŠã§ããŸãããã®æè¡ã¯ãã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãã¿ãŒã³ãç ç©¶ããããåã ã®åç©ãèå¥ããããåžå°çš®ãçµ¶æ» å±æ§çš®ã®ååšãæ€åºãããããã®ã«æçšã§ããäŸãã°ãæµ·æŽã§ã®ã¯ãžã©ã®æãç£èŠããããšã¯ããã®åäœæ°ã远跡ããéšé³å ¬å®³ã®åœ±é¿ãè©äŸ¡ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
- ãããŒã³ïŒãããŒã³ã¯ãäžç©ºããåç©ã®è¡åãé䟵襲çã«èгå¯ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸããŸããå€§èŠæš¡ãªåç©ã®çŸ€ããç£èŠããããçæ¯å°ã®ç¶æ³ãè©äŸ¡ããããèªç©ºç»åãåéãããããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãããã ãããããŒã³ã¯æ³šææ·±ãæäœããªããšåç©ã劚害ããå¯èœæ§ãããããããã®äœ¿çšã«é¢ããå«ççãªåœ±é¿ãèæ ®ããããšãéèŠã§ãããããŒã³ã®é³ãç¹å®ã®åç©çŸ€ã®ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã¬ãã«ã«ã©ã®ããã«åœ±é¿ãããã«ã€ããŠã®ç ç©¶ãé²ããããŠããŸãã
- ããŒã¿åæçšãœãããŠã§ã¢ïŒå°éçãªãœãããŠã§ã¢ããã±ãŒãžãè¡åããŒã¿ã®åæãæ¯æŽããŸãããããã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãè¡åã®ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ãé »åºŠã®èšç®ãçµ±èšåæã®çæãªã©ã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãèªååã§ããŸããBORISãJWatcherãè¡åã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããªãŒãŠã§ã¢ãªã©ã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ãåæãåçåããããè€éãªåæã容æã«å®äºãããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã«ãããå«ççé æ ®
åç©ã®è¡å芳å¯ã¯ãåžžã«å«ççãªæ¹æ³ã§è¡ãããåç©ãšãã®ç°å¢ãžã®åŠšå®³ãæå°éã«æããã¹ãã§ãã
- åŠšå®³ã®æå°åïŒèгå¯è ã¯åç©ããå®å šãªè·é¢ãä¿ã¡ããã®è¡åãå€ããå¯èœæ§ã®ãããããªãè¡åãé¿ããã¹ãã§ããå€è£ ãã«ã¢ãã©ãŒãžã¥ãé éèŠ³å¯æè¡ã¯ã劚害ãæå°éã«æããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããäŸãã°ãå¶å·£äžã®é³¥ã芳å¯ããéãç ç©¶è ã¯å·£ã«è¿ã¥ããããããé·æéæ»åšãããããããšãé¿ããã¹ãã§ãããªããªãã芪鳥ãåµãéãæŸæ£ããåå ãšãªãå¯èœæ§ãããããã§ãã
- èš±å¯ã®ååŸïŒç ç©¶è ã¯ãåç©è¡å芳å¯ç ç©¶ã宿œããåã«ãå¿ èŠãªèš±å¯ãæ¿èªãåŸãã¹ãã§ããããã«ã¯ãå°æ¹èªæ²»äœãåå°ææè ãåç©çŠç¥å£äœãšã®åè°ãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
- åç©çŠç¥ã®ç¢ºä¿ïŒåç©ã®çŠç¥ã¯åžžã«æåªå äºé ã§ãªããã°ãªããŸããã芳å¯ãåç©ã«é床ã®ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã害ãäžããŠããå Žåã¯ãçŽã¡ã«äžæ¢ãã¹ãã§ããäŸãã°ãã¿ã°ãä»ããããåç©ãèŠçã®å åã瀺ããŠããå Žåã¯ãã¿ã°ãåãå€ãã¹ãã§ãã
- ããŒã¿ã®ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãšãã©ã€ãã·ãŒïŒè¡åããŒã¿ã®åãæ±ãã«ã¯é©åãªæ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ããåç©ã«é¢ããå人æ å ±ãæ©å¯æ å ±ïŒäŸïŒèå¥çªå·ãäœçœ®ããŒã¿ïŒã¯ãæ©å¯ãä¿æããäžæ£ãªã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããä¿è·ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
- æåçæåæ§ïŒç°ãªãæååã§ç ç©¶ãè¡ãéã«ã¯ãåç©ã«é¢ããå°åã®ç¿æ £ã信念ãèªèããå°éããããšãéèŠã§ããäŸãã°ãäžéšã®æåã§ã¯ç¹å®ã®åç©ãç¥èãŸãã¯ã¿ããŒãšèŠãªãå Žåããããç ç©¶è ã¯äžå¿«ãŸãã¯ç¡ç€ŒãšèŠãªãããå¯èœæ§ã®ããè¡åãé¿ããã¹ãã§ãã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã®ã°ããŒãã«ãªå¿çš
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã¯ãäžçã®ããŸããŸãªå°åã§å¹ åºãå¿çšããªãããŠããŸãã
1. ã¢ããŸã³ç±åž¯éšæã§ã®ä¿å š
ç ç©¶è ã¯ã«ã¡ã©ãã©ãããé³é¿ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ã䜿çšããŠãã¢ããŸã³ç±åž¯éšæã®ãžã£ã¬ãŒãéé·é¡ããã®ä»ã®éççç©ã®è¡åãç ç©¶ããŠããŸãããã®æ å ±ã¯ã森æäŒæ¡ã人éã®äŸµå ¥ãåç©ã®åäœçŸ€ã«äžãã圱é¿ãè©äŸ¡ããä¿å šæŠç¥ãçå®ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸããéé·é¡ã®è¡åã®å€åãã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ããããšã¯ãçæ ç³»ã®å¥å šæ§ãšå®å®æ§ã瀺ãããšãã§ããŸãã
2. ãšãŒãããã®åç©åã«ãããåç©çŠç¥
ãšãŒãããã®åç©åã§ã¯ãåç©ã®çŠç¥ãè©äŸ¡ããããã«åç©è¡å芳å¯ãçšããããŠããŸããåžžåè¡åãèªå·è¡çºã瀟äŒççžäºäœçšãªã©ã®è¡åã芳å¯ããããšã§ã飌è²å¡ã¯æœåšçãªåé¡ãç¹å®ããåç©ã®ç掻ç°å¢ãæ¹åããããã®å€æŽã宿œã§ããŸããèªç¶ãªè¡åãä¿ãããã®ãšã³ãªããã¡ã³ãããã°ã©ã ã¯ããã°ãã°ãããã®èгå¯ã«åºã¥ããŠèšèšãããŸãã
3. ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ã«ãããå®¶ç管ç
ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ã§ã¯ãå®¶ç管çã®å®è·µãæ¹åããããã«åç©è¡å芳å¯ã䜿çšãããŠããŸããçãçŸããã®ä»ã®å®¶çã®è¡åã芳å¯ããããšã§ã蟲家ã¯ã¹ãã¬ã¹ãç æ°ãæ é€äžè¯ãªã©ã®æœåšçãªåé¡ãç¹å®ã§ããŸãããã®æ å ±ã¯ã絊é€èšç»ã®æé©åãåç©ã®åãæ±ãæè¡ã®æ¹åãã¹ãã¬ã¹ã¬ãã«ã®äœæžã«åœ¹ç«ãŠãããŸããäŸãã°ãçã®ç€ŸäŒçãªéå±€ãçè§£ããããšã¯ãããããé²ãããã¹ãŠã®åç©ãé€ãæ°Žã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããããã«ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
4. ã¢ããªã«ã«ãããéçåç©ããŒãªãºã
å€ãã®ã¢ããªã«è«žåœã§ã¯ãéçåç©ããŒãªãºã ãäž»èŠãªåå ¥æºã§ããåç©ã®è¡åãçè§£ããããšã¯ãããŒãªãºã ãæç¶å¯èœã§è²¬ä»»ããæ¹æ³ã§å®æœãããããšãä¿èšŒããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããã¬ã€ãããã¢ãŒãªãã¬ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ãåç©ã®è¡åã芳å¯ããããã芳å 客ã«è§£èª¬ããããã«èšç·ŽãããŠãããããè±ãã§æè²çãªäœéšãæäŸããŸãã責任ããããŒãªãºã ã¯ãåç©ãžã®åŠšå®³ãæå°éã«æãããã®ä¿å šã«è²¢ç®ããŸãã
5. å³¶å¶Œçæ ç³»ã«ããã倿¥çš®ã®ç®¡ç
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã¯ãäžçäžã®å³¶ã ã«ããã倿¥çš®ã®ç®¡çã«ãããŠéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããŠããŸãã倿¥åç©ã®é£æ§ãç¹æ®æŠç¥ã忣ãã¿ãŒã³ãçè§£ããããšã¯ã广çãªé§é€å¯Ÿçãéçºããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããäŸãã°ãå³¶ã ã§ã®äŸµç¥çãªããºãã®æ¡é€è¡åã芳å¯ããããšã¯ãæã广çãªæ¯é€æŠç¥ãç¹å®ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
ã±ãŒã¹ã¹ã¿ãã£ïŒåç©è¡åç ç©¶ã®ã°ããŒãã«ãªäºäŸ
以äžã¯ãåç©è¡å芳å¯ãäžçäžã§ã©ã®ããã«å¿çšãããŠãããã®äºäŸã§ãã
1. ããŒã¢ãã£ããã»ãããŒã»ãããžã§ã¯ããã«ã©ããªç æŒ ãåã¢ããªã«
ããŒã¢ãã£ããã»ãããŒã»ãããžã§ã¯ãã¯ãã«ã©ããªç æŒ ã®éçããŒã¢ãã£ããã«é¢ããé·æçãªç ç©¶ã§ããç ç©¶è ã¯åäœè¿œè·¡æ³ãšé£ç¶èšé²æ³ãçšããŠããããã®é åçãªåç©ã®ç€ŸäŒçãã€ããã¯ã¹ãå調è¡åãæ¡é€æŠç¥ãç ç©¶ããŠããŸãããã®ç ç©¶ã¯ã瀟äŒè¡åã®é²åãšåç©ç€ŸäŒã«ãããååã®éèŠæ§ã«ã€ããŠè²ŽéãªæŽå¯ãæäŸããŠããŸããã
2. ãžã§ãŒã³ã»ã°ããŒã«ç ç©¶æããŽã³ãã»ã¹ããªãŒã åœç«å ¬åãã¿ã³ã¶ãã¢
ãžã§ãŒã³ã»ã°ããŒã«ç ç©¶æã¯ããŽã³ãã»ã¹ããªãŒã åœç«å ¬åã§60幎以äžã«ããããã³ãã³ãžãŒãç ç©¶ããŠããŸãããç ç©¶è ã¯ãèªç±èšè¿°æ³ãåäœè¿œè·¡æ³ãå«ãèŠ³å¯æè¡ãçµã¿åãããŠããã³ãã³ãžãŒã®è¡åãç€ŸäŒæ§é ãéå ·ã®äœ¿çšãç ç©¶ããŠããŸãããã®ç ç©¶ã¯ãéé·é¡ã®è¡åã«å¯Ÿããç§ãã¡ã®çè§£ã«é©åœããããããé·æçãªçæ åŠçç ç©¶ã®éèŠæ§ãæµ®ã圫ãã«ããŸããã
3. ãªãªã«ãããã©ç§»åç ç©¶ãåç±³
ç ç©¶è ã¯ãåç±³ãæšªæãããªãªã«ãããã©ã®å¹Žéç§»åã远跡ãããã®åäœæ°åæ ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããèŠå ãçè§£ããããšããŠããŸãã圌ãã¯æšèãåžæ°ç§åŠã€ãã·ã¢ããããªã¢ãŒãã»ã³ã·ã³ã°æè¡ã䜿çšããŠãè¶ã®åããšçæ¯å°ã®å©çšç¶æ³ãç£èŠããŠããŸãããã®ç ç©¶ã¯ãçæ¯å°ã®åªå€±ãæ°åå€åã«ããé倧ãªè åšã«çŽé¢ããŠãããªãªã«ãããã©ãä¿å šããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
4. ã¶ããŠã¯ãžã©ã®è¡åç ç©¶ãäžçåå°
ç§åŠè ãã¡ã¯ãé³é¿ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ãšèŠèŠèг坿è¡ãçšããŠãäžçåå°ã®ã¶ããŠã¯ãžã©ã®è¡åãç ç©¶ããŠããŸããç ç©¶ã®çŠç¹ã¯ãã¯ãžã©ã®ã³ãã¥ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³æ¹æ³ãç¹æ®ã»æ¡é€ç¿æ§ããããŠæµ·éããœããŒã®ãããªäººéã®æŽ»åã圌ãã®èªç¶ãªè¡åã«äžãã圱é¿ãçè§£ããããšã«çœ®ãããŠããŸãããã®ç ç©¶ã¯ã广çãªä¿å šæªçœ®ã宿œããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
广çãªåç©è¡å芳å¯ã®ããã®ãã³ã
广çãªåç©è¡å芳å¯ãè¡ãããã«ã以äžã®ãã³ããèæ ®ããŠãã ããã
- æç¢ºãªç 究課é¡ã®å®çŸ©ïŒèгå¯ãå§ããåã«ãç 究課é¡ãæç¢ºã«å®çŸ©ããŠãã ãããããã«ãããåãçµã¿ã«éäžããæãé¢é£æ§ã®é«ãããŒã¿ãåéããããšãã§ããŸãã
- ãšãœã°ã©ã ã®äœæïŒé¢å¿ã®ããè¡åããªã¹ãã¢ããããå®çŸ©ãããšãœã°ã©ã ãäœæããŸãããšãœã°ã©ã ã¯ãè¡åãã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããåæããããã®æšæºåãããæ çµã¿ãæäŸããŸãã
- ãã€ããããã¹ãã®å®æœïŒèгå¯ãããã³ã«ãæŽç·Žãããä¿¡é Œæ§ã®é«ãããŒã¿ãåéã§ããŠããããšã確èªããããã«ããã€ããããã¹ãã宿œããŸãã
- 芳å¯è éä¿¡é Œæ§ïŒè€æ°ã®èгå¯è ãé¢äžããå Žåã¯ã芳å¯è éä¿¡é Œæ§ãè©äŸ¡ããŠã圌ããäžè²«ããŠè¡åãã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããŠããããšã確èªããŸãã
- é©åãªæ©æã®äœ¿çšïŒåçŒé¡ãã«ã¡ã©ãGPSè¿œè·¡è£ çœ®ãé³é¿èšé²è£ 眮ãªã©ãç ç©¶ã«é©ããæ©æãéžæããŸãã
- ããŒã¿ã®æ éãªç®¡çïŒããŒã¿ãæŽçã»ç®¡çããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ãéçºããŸããã¹ãã¬ããã·ãŒããå°éãœãããŠã§ã¢ã䜿çšããŠã芳å¯çµæãä¿åã»åæããŸãã
- å¿èãšç²ã匷ãïŒåç©è¡å芳å¯ã¯æéãããããå°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸããå¿è匷ããç²ã匷ããæ«æã«ãããªãã§ãã ããã
- ãã¹ãŠãèšé²ããïŒæ¥ä»ãæå»ãå Žæãçš®ã芳å¯ãããåäœãèšé²ãããè¡åãªã©ããã¹ãŠã®èгå¯çµæãç¶¿å¯ã«èšé²ããŸãã
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã®æªæ¥
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã®åéã¯ãæ°ããæè¡ãæ¹æ³è«ã«ãã£ãŠçµ¶ããé²åããŠããŸããå°æ¥çã«ã¯ã人工ç¥èœãæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ãããã°ããŒã¿åæãè¡åããŒã¿ã®åæã«ããã«æŽ»çšãããåç©è¡åã«é¢ããæ°ããªæŽå¯ãåŸãããããšãæåŸ ãããŸããèªåè¡åèªèã·ã¹ãã ãéçºããã倧éã®ãããªããªãŒãã£ãªããŒã¿ãåŠçã§ããããã«ãªããç ç©¶è ã¯ããè€éãªã¿ã¹ã¯ã«éäžã§ããããã«ãªãã§ããããæ¹è¯ãããã»ã³ãµãŒãè¿œè·¡è£ çœ®ã¯ãåç©ã®åããççæ©èœã瀟äŒççžäºäœçšã«é¢ããããè©³çŽ°ãªæ å ±ãæäŸããã§ããããæåŸã«ãåžæ°ç§åŠã€ãã·ã¢ããã¯ãåç©è¡å芳å¯ã«ãããŠåŒãç¶ãéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããäžè¬åžæ°ãç ç©¶ãä¿å šæŽ»åã«åå ãããã§ãããã
çµè«
åç©è¡å芳å¯ã¯ãèªç¶çãçè§£ããéèŠãªä¿å šãåç©çŠç¥ã®èª²é¡ã«åãçµãããã®åŒ·åãªããŒã«ã§ããå³å¯ãªæ¹æ³è«ãæ¡çšããå«çååãéµå®ããæ°ããæè¡ãåãå ¥ããããšã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯åç©è¡åã®ç§å¯ãè§£ãæããç¶ãã人éãšåç©ãšã®éã§ããæç¶å¯èœã§èª¿åã®ãšããé¢ä¿ãä¿é²ããããšãã§ããŸããåç©ã®è¡åãæ³šææ·±ã芳å¯ãåæããããšã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯èº«ã®åãã®èªç¶çã®è€éããšçŸããã«ã€ããŠãããæ·±ãæè¬ã®å¿µãåŸãããšãã§ããã®ã§ãã