FastAPIテストのマスター：TestClientの包括的なガイド

            pip install fastapi pytest httpx
            

              
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            from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

class Item(BaseModel):
 name: str
 description: str | None = None
 price: float
 tax: float | None = None

@app.get("/")
async def read_root():
 return {"message": "Hello World"}

@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int, q: str | None = None):
 return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}

@app.post("/items/")
async def create_item(item: Item):
 return item

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app

client = TestClient(app)

def test_read_root():
 response = client.get("/")
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello World"}

            

              
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            pytest
            

              
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            ============================= test session starts ==============================
platform darwin -- Python 3.9.6, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.11.0, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: /path/to/your/project
collected 1 item

test_main.py .

============================== 1 passed in 0.01s ===============================
            

              
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            def test_read_item():
 response = client.get("/items/1?q=test")
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"item_id": 1, "q": "test"}

            

              
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            def test_create_item():
 item_data = {"name": "Example Item", "description": "A test item", "price": 9.99, "tax": 1.00}
 response = client.post("/items/", json=item_data)
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == item_data

            

              
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            def test_update_item():
 item_data = {"name": "Updated Item", "description": "An updated test item", "price": 19.99, "tax": 2.00}
 response = client.put("/items/1", json=item_data)
 assert response.status_code == 200
 # Add assertions for the expected response

def test_delete_item():
 response = client.delete("/items/1")
 assert response.status_code == 200
 # Add assertions for the expected response

def test_patch_item():
 item_data = {"price": 29.99}
 response = client.patch("/items/1", json=item_data)
 assert response.status_code == 200
 # Add assertions for the expected response
            

              
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            from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, declarative_base, Session

# Database Configuration
DATABASE_URL = "sqlite:///./test.db"  # In-memory database for testing
engine = create_engine(DATABASE_URL, connect_args={"check_same_thread": False})
TestingSessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
Base = declarative_base()

# Define User Model
class User(Base):
 __tablename__ = "users"

 id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
 username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)
 password = Column(String)

Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)

# FastAPI App
app = FastAPI()

# Dependency to get the database session
def get_db():
 db = TestingSessionLocal()
 try:
 yield db
 finally:
 db.close()

# Endpoint to create a user
@app.post("/users/")
async def create_user(username: str, password: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
 db_user = User(username=username, password=password)
 db.add(db_user)
 db.commit()
 db.refresh(db_user)
 return db_user

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app, get_db, Base, engine, TestingSessionLocal

client = TestClient(app)

# Override the database dependency for testing

def override_get_db():
 try:
 db = TestingSessionLocal()
 yield db
 finally:
 db.close()

app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = override_get_db

def test_create_user():
 # First, ensure the tables are created, which may not happen by default
 Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine) # important: create the tables in the test db
 response = client.post("/users/", params={"username": "testuser", "password": "password123"})
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json()["username"] == "testuser"

 # Clean up the override after the test if needed
app.dependency_overrides = {}

            

              
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            import asyncio

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/async")
async def async_endpoint():
 await asyncio.sleep(0.1) # Simulate some async operation
 return {"message": "Async Hello"}

            

              
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            import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app

client = TestClient(app)

@pytest.mark.asyncio # Needed to be compatible with pytest-asyncio
async def test_async_endpoint():
 response = client.get("/async")
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Async Hello"}

            

              
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            from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from typing import List

app = FastAPI()

@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(files: List[bytes] = File()):
 return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}

@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(files: List[UploadFile]):
 return {"filenames": [file.filename for file in files]}

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app
import io

client = TestClient(app)

def test_create_files():
 file_content = b"Test file content"
 files = [('files', ('test.txt', io.BytesIO(file_content), 'text/plain'))]
 response = client.post("/files/", files=files)
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"file_sizes": [len(file_content)]}

def test_create_upload_files():
 file_content = b"Test upload file content"
 files = [('files', ('test_upload.txt', io.BytesIO(file_content), 'text/plain'))]
 response = client.post("/uploadfiles/", files=files)
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"filenames": ["test_upload.txt"]}

            

              
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            from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: int):
 if item_id > 100:
 raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Item ID too large")
 return {"item_id": item_id}

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app

client = TestClient(app)

def test_read_item_error():
 response = client.get("/items/101")
 assert response.status_code == 400
 assert response.json() == {"detail": "Item ID too large"}

            

              
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            from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends, HTTPException, status
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm

app = FastAPI()

# Security
oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")

@app.post("/token")
async def login(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
 # Simulate authentication
 if form_data.username != "testuser" or form_data.password != "password123":
 raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Incorrect username or password")
 return {"access_token": "fake_token", "token_type": "bearer"}

@app.get("/protected")
async def protected_route(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
 return {"message": "Protected data"}

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app

client = TestClient(app)

def test_login():
 response = client.post("/token", data={"username": "testuser", "password": "password123"})
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert "access_token" in response.json()

def test_protected_route():
 # First, get a token
 token_response = client.post("/token", data={"username": "testuser", "password": "password123"})
 token = token_response.json()["access_token"]

 # Then, use the token to access the protected route
 response = client.get("/protected", headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}) # corrected format.
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Protected data"}

            

              
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            from fastapi import FastAPI, Header
from typing import Optional

app = FastAPI()

messages = {
 "en": {"greeting": "Hello, world!"},
 "fr": {"greeting": "Bonjour le monde !"},
 "es": {"greeting": "¡Hola Mundo!"},
}

@app.get("/")
async def read_root(accept_language: Optional[str] = Header(None)):
 lang = accept_language[:2] if accept_language else "en"
 if lang not in messages:
 lang = "en"
 return {"message": messages[lang]["greeting"]}

            

              
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            from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from .main import app

client = TestClient(app)

def test_read_root_en():
 response = client.get("/", headers={"Accept-Language": "en-US"})
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello, world!"}

def test_read_root_fr():
 response = client.get("/", headers={"Accept-Language": "fr-FR"})
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Bonjour le monde !"}

def test_read_root_es():
 response = client.get("/", headers={"Accept-Language": "es-ES"})
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "¡Hola Mundo!"}

def test_read_root_default():
 response = client.get("/")
 assert response.status_code == 200
 assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello, world!"}

            

              
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