ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ïŒCPSïŒã«ãããèšç®ããããã¯ãŒãã³ã°ãç©çããã»ã¹ã®çµ±åãæ¢æ±ãå¿çšã課é¡ãå°æ¥ã®ãã¬ã³ããåŠã¶ã
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ïŒããžã¿ã«äžçãšç©çäžçã®æ¶ãæ©
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã (CPS) ã¯ãèšç®ãéä¿¡ãå¶åŸ¡ãç©çããã»ã¹ãšçµ±åãããå€é©çãªãšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°åéã§ãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯åãªãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯ãªããèšç®èŠçŽ ãšç©çèŠçŽ ã®ç·å¯ãªèåãšé£æºã䌎ããŸããèªåé転è»ãã¹ããŒãã°ãªãããé«åºŠãªããããã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ãèããŠã¿ãŠãã ããããããã¯ãã¹ãŠãCPS ã®å®éã®äž»èŠãªäŸã§ãã
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®çè§£
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ãå®çŸ©ãããã®
CPS ã¯ããã®äžæ žã«ãããŠãèšç®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãšç©çã³ã³ããŒãã³ãã®ã·ãŒã ã¬ã¹ãªçµ±åããæ§ç¯ãããäŸåãããšã³ãžãã¢ãªã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã§ãããã®çµ±åã¯éåžžãç©çããã»ã¹ã®ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ç£èŠãå¶åŸ¡ãããã³æé©åãå¯èœã«ããã»ã³ãµãŒãã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ãããã³éä¿¡ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãéããŠå®çŸãããŸããäž»ã«ç©çããã€ã¹å ã®èšç®ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãåŸæ¥ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ãšã¯ç°ãªããCPS ã¯ãèšèšãšåæã«å¯Ÿããããå šäœçã§ã·ã¹ãã å šäœã®åãçµã¿ãéèŠããŠããŸãããããã«ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ãããŒããŠã§ã¢ãããã³ããããåäœããç°å¢éã®è€éãªçžäºäœçšãå«ãŸããŸãã
CPS ã®äž»ãªç¹åŸŽ
- çµ±åïŒ éåžžã«å¯æ¥ã«çµ¡ã¿åã£ãèšç®èŠçŽ ãšç©çèŠçŽ ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã¯åãªã远å ã§ã¯ãªããããŒããŠã§ã¢ããã³ç©çããã»ã¹ã«æ¬è³ªçã«é¢é£ä»ããããŠããŸãã
- ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã æäœïŒ CPS ã¯ãå€ãã®å Žåã峿 Œãªã¿ã€ãã³ã°å¶çŽã®äžã§åäœããå¿ èŠããããŸããå®å®æ§ãšå®å šæ§ã確ä¿ããããã«ãç¹å®ã®æéå ã«ããŒã¿ãåŠçããã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
- ãã£ãŒãããã¯ã«ãŒãïŒ ç©çãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®ç¶ç¶çãªç£èŠãšããã£ãŒãããã¯ã«åºã¥ãé©å¿ãã»ã³ãµãŒã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã«ããŒã¿ãæäŸããã·ã¹ãã ã¯ããã«å¿ããŠåäœã調æŽããŸãã
- äžŠè¡æ§ïŒ è€æ°ã®èšç®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãšç©çããã»ã¹ãåæã«å®è¡ãããŸãããã®äžŠè¡æ§ã®ç®¡çã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã®ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãšå®å®æ§ã«ãšã£ãŠéèŠã§ãã
- ãªãœãŒã¹ã®å¶çŽïŒ CPS ã¯ãé»åãã¡ã¢ãªãé信垯åå¹ ãªã©ãéããããªãœãŒã¹ã§åäœããããšããããããŸããå¹ççãªãªãœãŒã¹ç®¡çã¯ãäž»èŠãªèšèšäžã®èæ ®äºé ã§ãã
- å ç¢æ§ãšä¿¡é Œæ§ïŒ CPS ã¯ãé害ã«å¯ŸããŠå ç¢ã§ãããæœåšçã«éé ·ãªç°å¢ã§ç¢ºå®ã«åäœããå¿ èŠããããŸãããã©ãŒã«ããã¬ã©ã³ã¹ãšåé·æ§ã¯ãèšèšã«çµã¿èŸŒãŸããããšããããããŸãã
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®äž»èŠã³ã³ããŒãã³ã
A typical CPS architecture comprises several key components working together:- ã»ã³ãµãŒïŒ 枩床ãå§åãé床ãäœçœ®ãªã©ã®ç©çãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã枬å®ããããã€ã¹ããããã¯ããããã®ç©çéãèšç®èŠçŽ ã§åŠçã§ãã黿°ä¿¡å·ã«å€æããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ãã¹ããŒããã©ã³å ã®å é床èšãèªåè»ãã¬ãŒãã·ã¹ãã å ã®å§åã»ã³ãµãŒãHVAC ã·ã¹ãã å ã®æž©åºŠã»ã³ãµãŒãªã©ããããŸãã
- ã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ïŒ 黿°ä¿¡å·ãç©ççãªåäœã«å€æããããã€ã¹ãããšãã°ãããããã¢ãŒã ã®ç§»åããã«ãã®èª¿æŽãã¢ãŒã¿ãŒã®å¶åŸ¡ãªã©ã§ããäŸãšããŠã¯ãããããå ã®é»æ°ã¢ãŒã¿ãŒãååŠãã©ã³ãå ã®ãã«ããè»äž¡ã®ãã¬ãŒããªã©ããããŸãã
- éä¿¡ãããã¯ãŒã¯ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ãèšç®ãŠãããéã®éä¿¡ãå¯èœã«ããŸãããããã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã¯æç·ãŸãã¯ç¡ç·ã§ãããä¿¡é Œæ§ã®é«ãäœé å»¶ã®éä¿¡ãæäŸããå¿ èŠããããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ãã€ãŒãµããããWi-FiãBluetoothãã»ã«ã©ãŒãããã¯ãŒã¯ãªã©ããããŸãã
- èšç®ãŠãããïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒããã®ããŒã¿ãåŠçããã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«åºã¥ããŠæææ±ºå®ãè¡ããã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ãå¶åŸ¡ããŸãããããã®ãŠãããã¯ããã€ã¯ãã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒãã匷åãªãã«ãã³ã¢ããã»ããµãŒãŸã§å€å²ã«ããããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ãèªåè»å ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ããã»ããµãŒãç£æ¥çšãªãŒãã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³ã® PLC (ããã°ã©ããã«ããžãã¯ã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒ)ãã¹ããŒãã°ãªããå ã®ã¯ã©ãŠãããŒã¹ã®ãµãŒããŒãªã©ããããŸãã
- ãœãããŠã§ã¢ïŒ ãœãããŠã§ã¢ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã 㯠CPS ã®é è³ã§ãããã»ã³ãµãŒããŒã¿ã®èª¿æŽãã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ã®å¶åŸ¡ãããã³ã·ã¹ãã ã¬ãã«ã®æ©èœã®å®è£ ãè¡ããŸããããã«ã¯ããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ãå¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãããŒã¿åŠçã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãããã³éä¿¡ãããã³ã«ãå«ãŸããŸãã
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®å¿çš
CPS ã¯ã次ã®ãããªå¹ åºãæ¥çãçšéãå€é©ããŠããŸãããã«ã¹ã±ã¢
CPS ã¯ãé«åºŠãªå»çæ©åšãé 鿣è ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ãããã³ããããæè¡ãéããŠãã«ã¹ã±ã¢ã«é©åœããããããŠããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ã次ã®ãã®ããããŸãã
- ã¹ããŒãã€ã³ã¹ãªã³ãã³ãïŒ è¡ç³å€ãç¶ç¶çã«ç£èŠããã€ã³ã¹ãªã³ãèªåçã«æäžããŠæé©ãªã¬ãã«ãç¶æããŸãã
- ããããæè¡ã·ã¹ãã ïŒ å€ç§å»ãããé«ã粟床ãšå¶åŸ¡ã§è€éãªæè¡ãå®è¡ã§ããããã«ããŸãã Da Vinci Surgical System ã¯ãäžçäžã§äœ¿çšãããŠããæåãªäŸã§ãã
- é 鿣è ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒ ãã«ã¹ã±ã¢ãããã€ããŒãæ£è ãé éã§ç£èŠããããšãå¯èœã«ããå¥åº·äžã®åé¡ã®æ©æçºèŠãšããŒãœãã©ã€ãºãããæ²»çãå¯èœã«ããŸããããã¯ãé«éœ¢ã®æ£è ãæ ¢æ§çŸæ£ã®ããæ£è ã«ç¹ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
äº€éæ©é¢
CPS ã¯ãèªåé転è»ãé«åºŠéè»¢æ¯æŽã·ã¹ãã (ADAS)ãããã³ã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ã亀éã·ã¹ãã ã®äžå¿ã§ããäŸãšããŠã¯ã次ã®ãã®ããããŸãã
- èªåé転è»ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãã«ã¡ã©ãã¬ãŒããŒã䜿çšããŠåšå²ãèªèãã人éã®ä»å ¥ãªãã§ããã²ãŒãããŸããç±³åœã® Tesla ããäžåœã® Baidu ãŸã§ãäžçäžã®äŒæ¥ãèªåé転æè¡ãéçºããŠããŸãã
- ã¢ãããã£ãã¯ã«ãŒãºã³ã³ãããŒã«ïŒ è»äž¡ã®é床ãèªåçã«èª¿æŽããŠãåæ¹ã®è»äž¡ãšã®å®å šãªè·é¢ãç¶æããŸãã
- 亀é管çã·ã¹ãã ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãšã«ã¡ã©ããã®ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ããŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠã亀éã®æµããæé©åããæžæ»ãæžãããŸãã
è£œé æ¥
CPS ã¯ãã¹ããŒããã¡ã¯ããªãŒãäºæž¬ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãããã³ããããèªååãå®çŸããããšã«ããã第 4 æ¬¡ç£æ¥é©åœ (ã€ã³ãã¹ããªãŒ 4.0) ãæšé²ããŠããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ã次ã®ãã®ããããŸãã
- ããããçµç«ã©ã€ã³ïŒ è€éãªã¿ã¹ã¯ãé«ç²ŸåºŠãã€é«éã§å®è¡ã§ããããããã䜿çšããèªåçµç«ã©ã€ã³ãããã«ãããå¹çãåäžãã人件費ãåæžãããŸãã
- äºæž¬ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãšããŒã¿åæã䜿çšããŠãæ©åšã®æ éãäºæž¬ããçºçåã«ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ããŸããããã«ãããããŠã³ã¿ã€ã ãæå°éã«æããããæ©åšã®å¯¿åœãå»¶ã³ãŸãã
- ã¹ããŒãããã¥ãã¡ã¯ãã£ãªã³ã°ïŒ CPS ã䜿çšããŠãçç£ããã»ã¹ãæé©åããå質ãåäžãããç¡é§ãåæžããŸããããã«ã¯ã補é ããã»ã¹ã®ãã¹ãŠã®åŽé¢ããã®ããŒã¿ã®åéãšåæãå«ãŸããŸãã
ãšãã«ã®ãŒ
CPS ã¯ãã¹ããŒãã°ãªãããåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒã®çµ±åãããã³ãšãã«ã®ãŒå¹çã®é«ã建ç©ãéããŠããšãã«ã®ãŒã»ã¯ã¿ãŒãå€é©ããŠããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ã次ã®ãã®ããããŸãã
- ã¹ããŒãã°ãªããïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãéä¿¡ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãããã³å¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã䜿çšããŠãé»åã®åé ãæé©åããã°ãªããã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãåäžãããŸããããã«ãããåçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒæºã®çµ±åãå¯èœã«ãªãããšãã«ã®ãŒã®ç¡é§ãåæžãããŸãã
- ã¹ããŒããã«ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒãšå¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ã䜿çšããŠããšãã«ã®ãŒæ¶è²»ãæé©åããå± äœè ã®å¿«é©æ§ãåäžãããŸããããã«ã¯ãå æçãšç°å¢æ¡ä»¶ã«åºã¥ããŠãç §æãææ¿ãææ°ãããã³ç©ºèª¿ã®å¶åŸ¡ãå«ãŸããŸãã
- åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒç®¡çïŒ CPS ã¯ã倪éœå çºé»ã颚åçºé»ãªã©ã®åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒæºã®çæãšåé ã管çããã³æé©åããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
蟲æ¥
CPS ã¯ã蟲æ¥çç£æ§ã®åäžãæ°Žã®æ¶è²»éã®åæžãããã³èŸ²è¬ãšè¥æã®äœ¿çšã®æå°åã«äœ¿çšãããŠããŸããäŸãšããŠã¯ã次ã®ãã®ããããŸãã
- 粟å¯èŸ²æ¥ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒããããŒã³ãããŒã¿åæã䜿çšããŠãçæŒãæœè¥ãããã³ç 害è«é²é€ãæé©åããŸããããã«ããã蟲家ã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãªãœãŒã¹ãé©çšã§ããŸãã
- èªåçæŒã·ã¹ãã ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒã䜿çšããŠå壿°Žåã¬ãã«ãç£èŠããçæŒã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã«ãèªåçã«èª¿æŽããŸãã
- å®¶çã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ïŒ ã»ã³ãµãŒã䜿çšããŠå®¶çã®å¥åº·ãšè¡åãç£èŠããç æ°ã®æ©æçºèŠãšåç©çŠç¥ã®æ¹åãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
CPS ã®èšèšãšå®è£ ã«ããã課é¡
ãã®å€ãã®å©ç¹ã«ãããããããCPS ã¯èšèšãšå®è£ ã«ãããŠé倧ãªèª²é¡ãæèµ·ããŠããŸãã
è€éã
CPS ã¯ãè€æ°ã®çžäºäœçšããã³ã³ããŒãã³ããšåéãå«ããæ¬è³ªçã«è€éãªã·ã¹ãã ã§ãããã®ãããªã·ã¹ãã ãèšèšãåæãããã³æ€èšŒããã«ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒãµã€ãšã³ã¹ã黿°å·¥åŠãæ©æ¢°å·¥åŠãããã³å¶åŸ¡çè«ãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåéã®å°éç¥èãå¿ èŠã§ããããŸããŸãªã³ã³ããŒãã³ãéã®çžäºäœçšã¯ãäºæž¬ããã³ç®¡çãå°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸãã
ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã å¶çŽ
å€ãã® CPS ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã æäœãå¿ èŠã§ããã€ãŸããã¿ã¹ã¯ãç¹å®ã®æéå ã«å®äºããå¿ èŠããããŸãããããã®æéãå®ãããšã¯ãç¹ã«äžç¢ºå®æ§ãšå€ä¹±ãååšããå Žåã¯å°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã (RTOS) ãšç¹æ®ãªããŒããŠã§ã¢ã¯ããããã®èª²é¡ã«å¯ŸåŠããããã«é »ç¹ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
ã»ãã¥ãªãã£
CPS ã¯ããã®æ©èœãšå®å šæ§ãæãªãå¯èœæ§ã®ãããµã€ããŒæ»æã«å¯ŸããŠè匱ã§ããCPS ãä¿è·ããã«ã¯ãå®å šãªéä¿¡ãããã³ã«ãèªèšŒã¡ã«ããºã ãäŸµå ¥æ€ç¥ã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ãå€å±€çãªã¢ãããŒããå¿ èŠã§ããCPS ã®çžäºæ¥ç¶ãããæ§è³ªã¯ãæ»æè ã«ãšã£ãŠé åçãªæšçã«ãªããŸãã
ä¿¡é Œæ§ãšãã©ãŒã«ããã¬ã©ã³ã¹
CPS ã¯ãå®å šã§ç¶ç¶çãªæäœã確ä¿ããããã«ãä¿¡é Œæ§ãšãã©ãŒã«ããã¬ã©ã³ãã§ãªããã°ãªããŸããããã©ãŒã«ããã¬ã©ã³ã¹ã¯ãåé·æ§ããšã©ãŒæ€åºããã³èšæ£ã³ãŒããããã³ãã©ãŒã«ããã¬ã©ã³ãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã«ãã£ãŠå®çŸã§ããŸããä¿¡é Œæ§ã®èšèšã«ã¯ãæœåšçãªé害ã¢ãŒããšãã®ã·ã¹ãã ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãžã®åœ±é¿ã«ã€ããŠæ éã«æ€èšããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
æ€èšŒãšåŠ¥åœæ§ç¢ºèª
CPS ã®æ€èšŒãšåŠ¥åœæ§ç¢ºèªã¯ãè€éã§æéã®ãããããã»ã¹ã§ããåŸæ¥ã®ãã¹ãæ¹æ³ã§ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®å¯èœãªã·ããªãªãã«ããŒããã«ã¯äžååãªå ŽåããããŸããã¢ãã«æ€æ»ãå®ç蚌æãªã©ã®åœ¢åŒçæ€èšŒæè¡ã䜿çšãããšãCPS ããã®ä»æ§ãæºãããŠããããšã確èªã§ããŸãããã ãããããã®ææ³ã¯èšç®ã³ã¹ããé«ããå°éç¥èãå¿ èŠã§ãã
ãªãœãŒã¹ã®å¶çŽ
å€ãã® CPS ã¯ãé»åãã¡ã¢ãªãé信垯åå¹ ãªã©ã®éããããªãœãŒã¹ã§åäœããŸããå¹ççã§ãªãœãŒã¹ãèªèãã CPS ãèšèšããããšã¯ããã®å¹ åºãæ¡çšã«ãšã£ãŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããã³ãŒãæé©åããšãã«ã®ãŒèªèã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ãªã©ã®æé©åæè¡ã䜿çšããŠããªãœãŒã¹æ¶è²»ãæå°éã«æããããšãã§ããŸãã
CPS ã«ãããããŒããŠã§ã¢ãœãããŠã§ã¢çµ±å
ããŒããŠã§ã¢ãšãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®ã·ãŒã ã¬ã¹ãªçµ±åã¯ãCPS ã®æ£åžžãªåäœã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããã®çµ±åã«ã¯ãããã€ãã®äž»èŠãªåŽé¢ãå«ãŸããŸãã
ããŒããŠã§ã¢æœè±¡åã¬ã€ã€ãŒ (HAL)
HAL ã¯ããœãããŠã§ã¢ãšåºç€ãšãªãããŒããŠã§ã¢éã®æœè±¡åã¬ã€ã€ãŒãæäŸããŸããããã«ããããœãããŠã§ã¢ãç¹å®ã®ããŒããŠã§ã¢ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ããç¬ç«ããŠéçºã§ãããããããŸããŸãªããŒããŠã§ã¢ãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã«ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãç§»æ€ããããšã容æã«ãªããŸããHAL ã«ã¯éåžžãã»ã³ãµãŒãã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ãããã³éä¿¡ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ãŒã¹ã®ãã©ã€ããŒãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã (RTOS)
RTOS ã¯ããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³çšã«èšèšãããç¹æ®ãªãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã§ãããããã¯ã決å®è«çã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒãªã³ã°ãå²ã蟌ã¿åŠçãããã³ãªãœãŒã¹ç®¡çæ©èœãæäŸããŸããRTOS ã¯ãã¿ã¹ã¯ãæéå ã«å®äºããããã«ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããRTOS ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ãFreeRTOSãVxWorksãQNX ãªã©ããããŸãã
éä¿¡ãããã³ã«
éä¿¡ãããã³ã«ã¯ãCPS ã®ããŸããŸãªã³ã³ããŒãã³ãéã®éä¿¡ãå¯èœã«ããŸãããããã®ãããã³ã«ã¯ãä¿¡é Œæ§ãé«ããå¹ççã§ãå®å šã§ãªããã°ãªããŸãããéä¿¡ãããã³ã«ã®äŸãšããŠã¯ãèªåè»ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³åãã® CAN (Controller Area Network)ãç£æ¥çšãªãŒãã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³åãã® ModbusãIoT ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³åãã® MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) ãªã©ããããŸãã
ããŒã¿ååŸãšåŠç
CPS ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒããã®æ£ç¢ºãã€ã¿ã€ã ãªãŒãªããŒã¿ã«äŸåããŠããŸããããŒã¿ååŸãšåŠçæè¡ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒããããŒã¿ãåéãããã€ãºãé€å»ããããŒã¿ã䜿çšå¯èœãªåœ¢åŒã«å€æããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸããä¿¡å·åŠçã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒããŒã¿ããé¢é£æ å ±ãæœåºããããã«ãã䜿çšãããŸãã
å¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã
å¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒããŒã¿ãšã·ã¹ãã ç®æšã«åºã¥ããŠãã¢ã¯ãã¥ãšãŒã¿ã®åäœãå¶åŸ¡ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãããããã®ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯ãåçŽãª PID (æ¯äŸ-ç©å-埮å) ã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒããé«åºŠãªã¢ãã«ããŒã¹ã®å¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãŸã§å€å²ã«ããããŸããå¶åŸ¡ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã®éžæã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã®è€éããšããã©ãŒãã³ã¹èŠä»¶ã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªããŸãã
çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçº
çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºã«ã¯ããã€ã¯ãã³ã³ãããŒã©ãŒãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ããã»ããµãªã©ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã·ã¹ãã ã§å®è¡ããããœãããŠã§ã¢ã®èšè¿°ãå«ãŸããŸããããã«ã¯ãããŒããŠã§ã¢ã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèª (C ã C++ ãªã©)ãããã³ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºããŒã«ã«å¯Ÿããæ·±ãçè§£ãå¿ èŠã§ããçµã¿èŸŒã¿ãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®ãããã°ã¯ããªãœãŒã¹ãéãããŠããããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã å¶çŽããããããå°é£ãªå ŽåããããŸãã
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®å°æ¥ã®ãã¬ã³ã
CPS ã®åéã¯ããã¯ãããžãŒã®é²æ©ãšã¹ããŒãã§æ¥ç¶ãããã·ã¹ãã ã«å¯ŸããéèŠã®é«ãŸãã«ãã£ãŠãæ¥éã«é²åããŠããŸããããã€ãã®äž»èŠãªå°æ¥ã®ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªãã®ããããŸãã
人工ç¥èœ (AI) ãšæ©æ¢°åŠç¿ (ML)
AI ãš ML ã¯ãã€ã³ããªãžã§ã³ããªæææ±ºå®ãé©å¿å¶åŸ¡ãããã³äºæž¬ã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãå¯èœã«ããããã«ãCPS ã§ãŸããŸã䜿çšãããŠããŸããAI ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒããŒã¿ãåæãããã¿ãŒã³ãç¹å®ããå°æ¥ã®ã€ãã³ããäºæž¬ããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸããML ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã¯ãå¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ããã¬ãŒãã³ã°ããŠå€åããæ¡ä»¶ã«é©å¿ããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãæé©åããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã
ãšããžã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°
ãšããžã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã§ã¯ãããŒã¿ãäžå€®ãµãŒããŒã«éä¿¡ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããœãŒã¹ã«è¿ãå Žæã§åŠçããŸããããã«ãããé å»¶ãæžããã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãåäžãããªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã®æææ±ºå®ãå¯èœã«ãªããŸãããšããžã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã¯ãèªåé転è»ãç£æ¥ãªãŒãã¡ãŒã·ã§ã³ãªã©ãäœé å»¶ãå¿ èŠãšãã CPS ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ãšã£ãŠç¹ã«éèŠã§ãã
5G ããã³ç¡ç·éä¿¡
5G ããã³ãã®ä»ã®é«åºŠãªç¡ç·éä¿¡æè¡ã«ãããCPS ã®é«éã§ãããä¿¡é Œæ§ãé«ããããå®å šãªéä¿¡ãå¯èœã«ãªã£ãŠããŸããããã¯ãèªåé転è»ãé éå»çã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ãªã©ãé«åž¯åå¹ ãšäœé å»¶ãå¿ èŠãšããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ãšã£ãŠç¹ã«éèŠã§ãã
ããžã¿ã«ãã€ã³
ããžã¿ã«ãã€ã³ã¯ãç©çã·ã¹ãã ã®ä»®æ³è¡šçŸã§ãããããã䜿çšããŠãç©çã·ã¹ãã ã®åäœãã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒãããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãäºæž¬ããèšèšãæé©åã§ããŸããããžã¿ã«ãã€ã³ã¯ã補é ããšãã«ã®ãŒãããã³èŒžéã«ãããŠãŸããŸãæ®åããŠããŸãã
ãµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£
CPS ã¯çžäºæ¥ç¶æ§ãé«ãŸãããµã€ããŒæ»æã«å¯ŸããŠè匱ã«ãªã£ãŠããããããµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã¯ CPS ã«ãšã£ãŠãŸããŸãéèŠã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãããµã€ããŒè åšãã CPS ãä¿è·ããããã«ãæ°ããã»ãã¥ãªãã£æè¡ãšãããã³ã«ãéçºãããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãäŸµå ¥æ€ç¥ã·ã¹ãã ãèªèšŒã¡ã«ããºã ãå®å šãªéä¿¡ãããã³ã«ãå«ãŸããŸãã
人éäžå¿èšèš
CPS ãç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã«ãŸããŸãçµ±åãããã«ã€ããŠã人éã®ããŒãºãšå¥œã¿ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãŠèšèšããããšãéèŠã§ãã人éäžå¿èšèšã®ååã䜿çšããŠãCPS ã䜿ãããããå®å šã§ã瀟äŒã«æçã§ããããšã確èªã§ããŸããããã«ã¯ãCPS ã®å«çç圱é¿ãèæ ®ãã責任ãæã£ãŠäœ¿çšããããšãä¿èšŒããããšãå«ãŸããŸãã
çµè«
ãµã€ããŒãã£ãžã«ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãèšç®ãéä¿¡ãå¶åŸ¡ãç©çããã»ã¹ãšã·ãŒã ã¬ã¹ã«çµ±åããããšã«ãããããŸããŸãªæ¥çã«é©åœãèµ·ãããŠããŸããCPS ã®èšèšãšå®è£ ã«ã¯å€ãã®èª²é¡ããããŸãããæœåšçãªå©ç¹ã¯èšãç¥ããŸããããã¯ãããžãŒãé²åãç¶ããã«ã€ããŠãCPS ã¯ããã«æ®åããæŽç·Žãããç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ãšåãæ¹ãå€ããã§ããããããŒããŠã§ã¢ãšãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®çµ±åã®ååãçè§£ããããšã¯ããããã®åŒ·åãªã·ã¹ãã ã®éçºãŸãã¯ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«é¢äžãããã¹ãŠã®äººã«ãšã£ãŠäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
AIããšããžã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã5Gãããžã¿ã«ãã€ã³ã®çµ±åã«ãããCPS ã®æ©èœãããã«åŒ·åãããæ°ããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãå®çŸããæ¥çå šäœã§ã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãä¿é²ãããŸããããã«ããµã€ããŒã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãšäººéäžå¿èšèšã«éç¹ã眮ãããšã¯ãå°æ¥ã® CPS ã®å®å šã§ä¿¡é Œæ§ã®é«ãã責任ããå±éãä¿èšŒããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããCPS ã®æªæ¥ã¯æãããæ°åå€åãããã«ã¹ã±ã¢ã茞éãŸã§ãäžçã§æãå·®ãè¿«ã£ã課é¡ã®ããã€ãã解決ã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã