פקודות מותאמות אישית בג'אנגו: שליטה בפיתוח פקודות ניהול

            # myapp/management/commands/greet.py
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Greets the user with a personalized message.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('name', type=str, help='The name of the user to greet')

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        name = options['name']
        self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Hello, {name}! Welcome to the application.'))

            

              
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            python manage.py greet John

            

              
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            Hello, John! Welcome to the application.

            

              
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            from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        # Positional arguments
        parser.add_argument('poll_ids', nargs='+', type=int)

        # Named (optional) arguments
        parser.add_argument(
            '--delete',
            action='store_true',
            help='Delete poll instead of closing it'
        )

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        for poll_id in options['poll_ids']:
            try
              poll = Poll.objects.get(pk=poll_id)
            except Poll.DoesNotExist:
              self.stdout.write(f"Poll {poll_id} does not exist")
              continue
            if options['delete']:
                poll.delete()
                self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Successfully deleted poll \"{poll_id}\"'))
            else:
                poll.closed = True
                poll.save()
                self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Successfully closed poll \"{poll_id}\"'))

            

              
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            from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from django.conf import settings

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        self.stdout.write(f'Current Timezone: {settings.TIME_ZONE}')

            

              
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            from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from myapp.models import MyModel

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        # Create a new object
        obj = MyModel.objects.create(name='Example Object')

        # Query objects
        objects = MyModel.objects.all()
        for obj in objects:
            self.stdout.write(f'Object ID: {obj.id}, Name: {obj.name}')

            

              
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            from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('This is a success message.'))
        self.stdout.write(self.style.ERROR('This is an error message.'))
        self.stdout.write(self.style.WARNING('This is a warning message.'))
        self.stdout.write(self.style.NOTICE('This is a notice message.'))

            

              
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            from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

class Command(BaseCommand):
    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        try:
            # Code that might raise an exception
            result = 10 / 0
        except Exception as e:
            self.stdout.write(self.style.ERROR(f'An error occurred: {e}'))

            

              
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            # myapp/management/commands/import_data.py
import csv
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from myapp.models import MyModel

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Imports data from a CSV file into the MyModel model.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('csv_file', type=str, help='The path to the CSV file.')

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        csv_file = options['csv_file']

        with open(csv_file, 'r') as f:
            reader = csv.reader(f)
            next(reader)  # Skip the header row

            for row in reader:
                # Assuming the CSV file has columns: name, description, value
                name, description, value = row
                MyModel.objects.create(name=name, description=description, value=value)

        self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Successfully imported data from {csv_file}.'))

            

              
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            python manage.py import_data data.csv

            

              
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            # myapp/management/commands/backup_db.py
import os
import subprocess
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from django.conf import settings

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Backs up the Django database to a file.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('backup_file', type=str, help='The path to the backup file.')

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        backup_file = options['backup_file']

        # Determine the database settings
        database_settings = settings.DATABASES['default']
        db_engine = database_settings['ENGINE']
        db_name = database_settings['NAME']
        db_user = database_settings['USER']
        db_password = database_settings['PASSWORD']
        db_host = database_settings['HOST']
        db_port = database_settings['PORT']

        # Construct the backup command based on the database engine
        if 'postgresql' in db_engine:
            backup_command = [
                'pg_dump',
                '-h', db_host,
                '-p', str(db_port),
                '-U', db_user,
                '-d', db_name,
                '-f', backup_file
            ]
            if db_password:
                os.environ['PGPASSWORD'] = db_password
        elif 'mysql' in db_engine:
            backup_command = [
                'mysqldump',
                '-h', db_host,
                '-P', str(db_port),
                '-u', db_user,
                f'--password={db_password}',
                db_name,
                f'--result-file={backup_file}'
            ]
        elif 'sqlite' in db_engine:
             backup_command = [
                'sqlite3',
                db_name,
                '.dump' # Use .dump command for sqlite3
             ]
             with open(backup_file, 'w') as f:
                  process = subprocess.Popen(backup_command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
                  for line in process.stdout:
                     f.write(line.decode('utf-8')) # Ensure proper decoding
        else:
            self.stdout.write(self.style.ERROR('Unsupported database engine.'))
            return

        # Execute the backup command
        if 'sqlite' not in db_engine:
           try:
            subprocess.run(backup_command, check=True)
           except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
                self.stdout.write(self.style.ERROR(f'Backup failed: {e}'))
                return
        self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Successfully backed up the database to {backup_file}.'))

            

              
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            python manage.py backup_db backup.sql

            

              
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            # myapp/management/commands/create_user.py
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Command(BaseCommand):
    help = 'Creates a new user account.'

    def add_arguments(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument('username', type=str, help='The username for the new account.')
        parser.add_argument('email', type=str, help='The email address for the new account.')
        parser.add_argument('password', type=str, help='The password for the new account.')

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        username = options['username']
        email = options['email']
        password = options['password']

        User.objects.create_user(username=username, email=email, password=password)

        self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'Successfully created user account for {username}.'))

            

              
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            python manage.py create_user newuser newuser@example.com password123

            

              
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